Two Gram-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming and moderately halophilic cocci (strains T and YKJ-105) were isolated from the traditional Korean fermented seafood, jeotgal. The two strains grew optimally at 25-30˚C and grew at 4 and 36˚C, but not above 37˚C. They grew in the presence of 0-10 % (w/v) NaCl with an optimum of 2-3 % (w/v) NaCl.

A light-orange-coloured, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacterium (strain SW28 T ), which was isolated from seawater in Korea, was taxonomically studied by a polyphasic approach. This organism formed round terminal endospores in swollen sporangia. The peptidoglycan type is A4α, based on L-Lys-L-Ala-D-Asp. The predominant menaquinone is MK-7 and the major fatty acid is ante-C 15 :0 . The GMC content of the DNA is 40 mol %. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA sequences showed that strain SW28 T falls within the radiation of a cluster comprising the rRNA group 2 bacilli and non-Bacillus-type organisms. Strain SW28T showed the highest degree of relatedness to the type strain of Sporosarcina ureae, sharing 968 % 16S rDNA similarity. Levels of DNA-DNA relatedness between strain SW28 T and S. ureae DSM 2281 T and the type strains of some Bacillus species forming a coherent phylogenetic cluster are less than 125 %. On the basis of phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, 16S rDNA sequence analysis and DNA-DNA relatedness data, it is proposed that strain SW28T should be placed in the genus Sporosarcina as a new species, Sporosarcina aquimarina sp. nov. The type strain is SW28 T (l KCCM 41039 T l JCM 10887 T ). From the results of the taxonomic re-evaluation, it is also proposed that Bacillus globisporus, Bacillus psychrophilus and Bacillus pasteurii be transferred to the genus Sporosarcina as Sporosarcina globispora, Sporosarcina psychrophila and Sporosarcina pasteurii, respectively.

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A Gram-positive, rod-shaped, endospore-forming, halophilic bacterium (strain HSL-3 T ) was isolated from a salt lake near Hwajinpo beach on the East Sea in Korea and was subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Strain HSL-3 T grew optimally in the presence of 2-10 % (w/v) NaCl. Strain HSL-3 T showed poor growth in the absence of NaCl and grew in the presence of less than 23 % NaCl. The cell wall peptidoglycan type of strain HSL-3 T was A4b based on L-Orn-D-Asp. The predominant menaquinone found in strain HSL-3 T was menaquinone-7 (MK-7). Strain HSL-3 T had a cellular fatty acid profile containing large amounts of branched fatty acids; the major fatty acids were anteiso-C 15 : 0 , iso-C 15 : 0 and iso-C 16 : 0 . The DNA G+C content of strain HSL-3 T was 45 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA sequences showed that strain HSL-3 T falls within the radiation of the cluster comprising Halobacillus species. Strain HSL-3 T exhibited levels of 16S rDNA similarity of 97?4-98?4 % to the type strains of Halobacillus species. Levels of DNA-DNA relatedness between strain HSL-3 T and the type strains of all validly named Halobacillus species were in the range 7?3-9?2 %. On the basis of phenotypic and phylogenetic data and the genomic distinctiveness, strain HSL-3 T (=KCCM 41590 T =JCM 11546 T ) should be placed in the genus Halobacillus as the type strain of a novel species, for which the name Halobacillus salinus sp. nov. is proposed.