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The present work experimentally investigates the effect of vortex generators, in the form of small tabs projecting normally into the flow at the nozzle exit, on the fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics of an axisymmetric impinging air jet in the subcritical Reynolds number range. With this comes the expectation of a large eddy structure variation and the possibility of active control. Local heat transfer and static pressure were measured on a target plate for a round air jet issuing from a circular nozzle with rectangular tabs whose numbers and lengths changed at a constant nozzle‐to‐plate gap (L/d = 8) and jet Reynolds number (Re = 34,000). The main results are the following: When two tabs were set at the exit of the circular nozzle, Cpw and Nu profiles flatten in the direction of the tab setting. In the case of three tabs, however, among both Cpw and Nu profiles a concentric profile is found, as well as in the case without any tabs. © 2001 Scripta Technica, Heat Trans Asian Res, 30(7): 561–570, 2001

A family was investigated because of heart block and sinus arrhythmia. The electrical characteristics were: (1) adult onset in all members; (2) complete heart block with atrial fibrillation in 2, and first- or second-degree heart block in 7 members; and (3) sinus arrhythmia in 3 members. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing was performed. HLA A2, B39, Cw7, and DR12 were positive in 4 of 5 members in the heart block group. In the sinus arrhythmia group, HLA DR12 was positive in all members. In the normal group, none of these HLA typings was positive except one. These findings indicate a tighter relationship between heart block and the HLA locus than previously thought.

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