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Many studies in the last few years have been dedicated to the increasing temperatures and extreme heat in Europe since the second half of the 20th century because of their adverse effects on ecosystems resilience, human health, and quality of life. The present research aims to analyze the spatio-temporal variations of extreme heat events in Southeastern Europe using daily temperature data from 70 selected meteorological stations and applying methodology developed initially for the quantitative assessment of hot weather in Bulgaria. We demonstrate the suitability of indicators based on maximum temperature thresholds to assess the intensity (i.e., magnitude and duration) and the tendency of extreme heat events in the period 1961–2020 both by individual stations and the Köppen’s climate zones. The capability of the used intensity-duration hot spell model to evaluate the severity of extreme heat events has also been studied and compared with the Excess Heat Factor severity index on a yearly basis. The study provides strong evidence of the suitability of the applied combined approach in the investigation of the spatio-temporal evolution of the hot weather phenomena over the considered domain.

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In this paper, we consider the InterCriteria Analysis (ICrA), which is based on the index matrices and intuitionistic fuzzy sets. We demonstrate the application of ICrA using the software ICrAData. ICrAData implements five different algorithms for InterCriteria relations calculation, namely: µ-biased, Unbiased, ν-biased, Balanced and Weighted. The software ICrAData displays results in two panels -matrix and graphical view, and the results can also be exported in various formats: matrices, vectors, and graphics. In the matrix view, the column data can be sorted in ascending or descending order. The graphic view has options for resizing the intuitionistic fuzzy triangle, showing a grid and assigning different colours to the points. Moreover, a selected point in the graphic is outlined in the matrix view, and vice-versa. In the present paper some of the ICrAData software functionalities are illustrated by an example.