cfDNA is detectable on days 3 and 5, but more accurate on day 5. Although our data suggest moderate concordance rates, PGT-A with the use of cfDNA must be further optimized before clinical implementation.

Vitamin D deficiency is associated with lower pregnancy rates in non-Hispanic whites, but not in Asians, possibly due to their lower IVF success rates. Vitamin D deficiency was not correlated with ovarian stimulation parameters or with markers of embryo quality, suggesting its effect may be mediated through the endometrium.

No abstract

Transit through the male genital tract did not enhance the ability of ejaculated spermatozoa to achieve fertilization with intracytoplasmic sperm injection compared to that of testicular spermatozoa in men with severely impaired production. In ejaculated samples a lower number of spermatozoa available resulted in an impaired chance of achieving pregnancy. Using testicular spermatozoa may be a reasonable alternative for couples in whom multiple attempts at intracytoplasmic sperm injection have failed using ejaculated sperm from men with cryptozoospermia.

The value of preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) as a screening test for in vitro fertilization (IVF) patients has yet to be determined. Several studies demonstrate higher birth rates after aneuploidy testing and elective single-embryo transfer (eSET), suggesting the potential for this testing to decrease the risk of multiple gestations, though these studies have important limitations.