PurposeEosinophilic pneumonia comprises a group of lung diseases in which eosinophils appear in increased numbers in the lungs and sometimes in the bloodstream. Several case reports link daptomycin use to this phenomenon.SummaryWe performed a systematic literature review to identify cases of eosinophilic pneumonia associated with daptomycin use. Relevant studies were identified by searching Pubmed/Medline, EMBASE, Google Scholar, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Clin-Alert from inception to May 2016, and manual searches of reference lists. All case reports that include information regarding patient age, indication, clinical and objective findings, treatment and outcome were evaluated. Abstracts from conference proceedings as well as case reports not in English were excluded. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. Thirty-five patient-cases were included in the final analysis. Patients most likely to be identified with daptomycin-induced eosinophilic pneumonia were male (83%) and elderly (mean age 65.4 ± 15 years). The dose for daptomycin ranged from 4 to 10 mg/kg/day, but included a large number of patients with renal dysfunction. The average duration of daptomycin therapy upon onset of EP symptoms was 2.8 ± 1.6 weeks. Majority of patients presented with dyspnea (94%), fever (57%) and were also found to have peripheral eosinophilia (77%) and infiltrates/opacities of CT/CXR (86%). Symptom improvement was seen after daptomycin discontinuation (24 h to 1 week). The majority of patients were also prescribed treatment with corticosteroids (66%).ConclusionClinicians should be aware of daptomycin-induced eosinophilic pneumonia and its symptoms along with its presentation and treatment.

CAM may provide a limited short-term benefit in patients with symptom burden. Additional studies are needed to clarify the potential value of CAM in the hospice or palliative setting.

The risk of SJS or TEN in patients receiving NSAIDs is extremely low; older patients, women, and patients within the first month of treatment initiation appear to have the greatest risk. Health care providers and patients should be aware of the signs and symptoms of SJS and TEN.

mechanism of resistance, clinical significance, and laboratory detection of hVISA and VISA 7 infections are not conclusive, making it difficult to apply research findings to clinical situations. 8We provide an evidence based review of S. aureus isolates expressing heterogenic and reduced 9 susceptibility to vancomycin. 10

The growing numbers of immunosuppressed patients due to transplantation of HIV may result in increased dapsone use for the prevention of PCP. Clinicians should be aware of the adverse effects associated with dapsone therapy, and patients with dyspnea and hypoxemia of unclear etiology should be evaluated for methemoglobinemia.