Pheochromocytomas of extra-adrenal origin are known as paragangliomas. Urinary bladder is the most common site of genitourinary paragangliomas. The variable functional status of these tumors presents a surgical challenge in their management by minimally invasive surgery. Robot-assisted partial cystectomy offers the advantage of minimal handling of tumor, early ligation of feeding vessels and easy suturing. We hereby report the feasibility and safety of robot-assisted surgery in the management of one such case.
Castleman's disease is a rare, benign lymphoproliferative disorder of unknown origin. Paraneoplastic pemphigus is a common association which presents as oral mucosal ulcerations. Abdominal and retroperitoneal Castleman's disease present either as a localized disease or as a systemic disease. We hereby present a 15-year-old male patient with oral mucosal lesions with localized vague right lower abdominal mass who was diagnosed to have Castleman's disease with paraneoplastic pemphigus which was surgically excised.
Presacral tumors, especially those growing anterior, can be successfully removed with the da Vinci robotic system, and this approach can become the standard for manipulation of this kind of tumor irrespective of its size and malignancy.
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