Anode active materials for lithium ion batteries (LIBs) were produced by using waste soot generated after combustion in a plant using petroleum coke as fuel. The soot collected from the boilers in the plant was graphitized through annealing, and this annealed soot was applied to anode active materials. After annealing at 2700 °C, the soot was converted into highly crystalline graphite with ring shapes approximately 100 nm in diameter. The lithium ion coin cells produced using graphitized soot showed high discharge capacity and excellent life cycle with a reversible capacity of 250 mAh/g even after 300 cycles at a rate of 1 C. This study describes a new possibility of using environmentally harmful combustion wastes of petroleum coke as a low-price anode material for LIBs by converting them into a graphite multilayer structure with a unique ring shape through annealing.

No abstract

Façade desi gn makes the customer to sel ect and remember of commerci al space. Therefore, i f i t can be i denti fi ed characteri sti cs of percepti on i n i mage eval uati on, i t wi l l be possi bl e to easy vi si ti ng space and re-sel ecti on wi th moti vati on through i denti ty and di fferenti ati on of commerci al space. For thi s study, cafes among commerci al faci l i ti es were sel ected for the appreci ati on of the di fferenti ated desi gn features attracti ng customer's eyes through space i mage eval uati on by gender. The fol l owi ngs are the concl usi ons drawn from the study. Fi rst, when the features of mean and devi ati on of [Factor 1] were empl oyed for the appreci ati on of the perceptual characteri sti cs of both men and women, i t was cl earl y found that customers regards the facade desi gn as a coarse one even though they are confused about whether the facade desi gn i s the strai ghtened-up one. Second, customers percei ve facade desi gn as the one whi ch i s bri ght but not uni que through [Factor 2] whi l e i n the process of sel ecti ng adj ecti ves to descri be i t men's percepti on as to "bei ng vi vi d but i nteresti ng" was di spersed and women's as to "Bei ng bri ght" was al so di spersed, too but the women percei ved i t as "bei ng opaque." Thi rd, i t was reveal ed that the perceptual characteri sti cs of [Factor 3] were percei ved as "warm but boori sh" and "warm but crude" by men and women respecti vel y. Fourth, most (80%) of the adj ecti ves empl oyed for vi vi d descri pti on of thei r percepti on by both genders were found to be consi stent.

No abstract

No abstract