The prevalence of hypertension in Hong Kong Chinese adolescents is 1.44%. The current study shows high waist circumference is a predictor of hypertension in adolescents, while increased physical activity is a protective factor. Incorporating waist circumference into screening protocols may increase the sensitivity of cardiovascular risk stratification. Healthcare providers should be strong advocates helping to prevent obesity and promote physical activity in adolescents and children.

We report a child with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome whose condition was complicated by extensive pneumatosis intestinalis during a nephrotic relapse. The concomitant use of steroid and immunosuppressive agents and a preceding norovirus gastroenteritis infection were identified as risk factors.