This paper describes an experimental study for the imaging of effective stresses under a shallow foundation system. S-wave data were collected during several loading stages of the shallow foundation model. S-wave crosshole data were inverted to obtain effective stress distribution images by solving the tomographic imaging problem. To optimize the travel-time tomographic imaging solution of the stress-heterogeneous medium, S-wave data quality, sensor array design, ray tracing algorithm selection, and inversion parameter choice were carefully considered. The experimental results show the practical engineering potential of tomographic imaging techniques for the monitoring of in situ effective stress and the evaluation of design models and effective stress-driven processes.
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