The article presents new data on the flora of cyanobacteria and freshwater algae in the Bastak State Nature Reserve. In addition to the available information, 100 species of cyanobacteria and algae were identified from six divisions, with the exception of diatoms: Cyanobacteria – 27, Euglenozoa – 13, Ochrophyta – 5, Rhodophyta – 1, Chlorophyta – 25, Charophyta – 29 taxa. It is provided the discovered taxa annotated list, which indicates the place and the time of collection, as well as the organism occurrence frequency. Among the found organisms it is identified some interesting and rare species, fifteen of them new to the territory of the Russian Far East: cyanobacteria Anabaenopsis raciborskii, Dolichospermum planctonicum, euglenoids algae Menoidium pellucidum var. steinii, Eutreptia viridis and some other species. A large number of the rare species are noted in the Charophyta division: Cosmarium amurense, C. tessellatum, Gonatozygon aculeatum, Mesotaenium degreyi, Spondylosium pulchellum. It was for the first time that in the Russian Far East some most interesting species belonging to the genus Pleurotaenium. P. crenulatum were found. The two species of Pleurotaenium caldense var. cristatum and P. subcoronulatum were for the first time identified for the flora of Russia.