The study aimed at evaluating the total content of polyphenols (TPC) and phenolic acids (TPA) in grain of 4 spring einkorn, 4 emmer, 4 spelt and 4 common wheat genotypes cultivated under organic cropping system in two-year trials. The TPC and TPA were significantly affected both by genotype, wheat species and crop year (weather conditions). At the same time, TPC and TPA were mainly affected by the crop year while the effect of genetic factors was lesser. The TPC ranged from 618 mg/kg DM (dry matter) (common wheat cv. Annie) to 792.37 mg/kg DM (Triticum monococcum GEO) and TPA from 700.66 mg/kg DM (cv. Annie) to 874.74 mg/kg DM (Schwedishes einkorn) in an average of two-year results. Related to the wheat species, total content of polyphenols was in order einkorn > emmer > common wheat > spelt, total content of phenolic acids in order einkorn > spelt > emmer > common wheat. Higher TPC and TPA were observed in the very dry year 2018.

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Růžek L., Růžková M., Koudela M., Bečková L., Bečka D., Kruliš Z., Šárka E., Voříšek K., Ledvina Š., Šalounová B., Venyercsanová J. The study is focused on the microbial and chemical parameters of green compost in which composites based on acetylated wheat B-starch and maltodextrin (patented procedure) were biodegraded and also on the parameters of lettuce grown on this compost before and after the biodegradation. With a load of up to 1 g of composites per 1 l of compost, and with a storage period of 0, 7-14, 15-20 and 21-147 days, mixture of compost wiped off the surface both of wellpreserved composites and of the immediate surroundings of their residues was evaluated. Microbial biomass, basal respiration (BR), metabolic quotient, dehydrogenase and arylsulfatase activity (ARS) and the parameters of the lettuce growth on this compost did not show any negative changes. On the contrary acetylated wheat B-starch and maltodextrin stimulated both ARS and BR. ARS showed the most rapid onset among all tests. The height of the aboveground parts of the lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. capitata) grown on green compost was significantly better, compared to commercial peat-based substrates.

Three-year field trials were conducted to compare the effect of three tillage systems: strip-tillage (ST), strip-tillage after mouldboard ploughing (STmp) and conventional tillage (CT) on growth and yield of winter oilseed rape at the experimental station in Červený Újezd, Czech Republic. Compared to CT, the growth of roots and aboveground biomass was slower (significantly thinner root necks, shorter roots and leaves) under ST at the beginning of vegetation (BBCH 14–18). Plants under ST still had significantly thinner root necks, and a lower number of leaves than plants from CT before winter (BBCH 21) but the differences were no longer statistically significant in spring (BBCH 30). Despite a slower start, the ST variant with an average yield of 5.47 t/ha significantly exceeded the CT variant with the yield being 5.06 t/ha. Conversely, plants grown under STmp had significantly longer leaves than those under CT in BBCH 14–18 and with the highest values of all parameters, tended to faster growth of biomass, although the other differences were not statistically significant. No differences were observed between STmp and CT in BBCH 21 and 30. The STmp variant achieved the highest yield 5.53 t/ha, and significantly exceeded the CT variant.