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The effect of a 40-day toluene inhalation on learning of young and adult rats was examined in a multi-branched maze. Experimental rats of both age groups needed more time to pass the maze and made more errors than controls. This impairment was observed in young rats immediately after termination of toluene inhalation and in adult rats immediately and 90 days after toluene.

Quantitative analysis of the main cells and interneurons in different layers and fields of Ammon's horn, the hilus, and dentate gyrus was performed two weeks and one month after kindling, i.e., specific electrical stimulation of the ventral hippocampus. At both experimental time points, cells numbers were significantly decreased at all levels of the areas studied except the marginal layer of field CA4. Thus, in this model of experimental epilepsy, the process of epileptogenesis involved both interneurons and main cells in the hippocampus. The possible reorganization of intrahippocampal circuits and their involvement in the increased excitability characteristic of epilepsy are discussed.

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