The economic security of a state, its subject, and also a single organization is largely determined on the basis of the assessment of individual components of economic security. They are financial, intellectual and personnel, technical and technological, political and legal, environmental, informational, power components. A special place among the elements of the economic security of the region belongs to the investment factor, the magnitude of which is influenced by many factors from various fields of activity. The level of influence of factors on the investment potential of the Voronezh region is considered in the presented work. The article reflects possible methods for assessing investment attractiveness, among which the rating method and the method for evaluating individual statistical indicators are highlighted. The advantages and disadvantages of each of them are considered. In conducting the study, the authors used the analysis of statistical indicators, which allow assessing both the investment potential of the region and the investment risks that inevitably arise during the implementation of projects. As a result, industrial, labor, consumer, infrastructural, financial, institutional, innovation and resource potential of the Voronezh region, as well as economic, social, criminal and environmental risks were analyzed. For all the studied indicators, growth rates were calculated, indicating an increase or decrease in the investment attractiveness of the region over time. According to the results of the work done, it was noted that, despite the instability in changing some of the factors studied, the Voronezh Region occupies a worthy place in the Central Federal District (CFD) in terms of investment attractiveness and is the leader in terms of financial investments in the economy.