No abstract

Novel 1,2,4-thiadiazole derivatives as potent neuroprotectors were synthesized and identified. Their ability to inhibit the glutamate stimulated Ca uptake was measured. Permeation experiments on the phospholipid membranes were conducted, and the apparent permeability coefficients were obtained. The partition coefficients in n-octanol/buffer (pH 7.4) and n-hexane/buffer (pH 7.4) immiscible phases (as model systems for characterizing gastrointestinal tract membranes and BBB) were determined. A classification of the studied compounds from the standpoint of "permeability-activity" properties was proposed.

Various salts of 3-allyl-1,1-dibenzyl-2-ethyl-isothiourea, 1 (hydrochloride), 2 (hydrobromide), and 3 (hydroiodide), were synthesized. Ca-blocking properties of these salts were studied. Comparative analysis of the potentiating effects of 3 and cyclothiazide (CT) on transmembrane currents caused by kainic acid (KA) and glutamate in Purkinje neurons was performed. Analysis of the effects of 1 on N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors was performed on primary culture of heterogeneous neurons of rat cerebral cortex. Single crystals were grown and X-ray diffraction experiments solving the crystal structures of 1-3 were carried out. Analysis of conformations of the molecules in the crystal lattices was performed. The temperature dependencies of the solubility of 1-3 in water and n-octanol were obtained, and the thermodynamic parameters of solubility process were calculated. The effect of halogen atoms on the solubility was analyzed. The partitioning processes in the water-octanol system were studied at 25 degrees C. Chemical stability of tested salts in pH 7.4 phosphate buffer was determined at 25 degrees C.

Based on these results, aminoderivatives of securinine scaffold are promising compounds for development of new drugs for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.