The objective of this research is to know the Innovation Adoption of Organic rice farmers in Tombatu Village Molompar Eastern District o Southeast Minahasa Regency and determine factors underlying farmers to adopt organic farming systems, especially organic rice. The study lasted for 3 (three) months, starting from December 2015 to March 2016. The determination of the territories in which the sample is determined by using the model of purposive sampling. For the research sample was taken 10 percent of the population that is 41 organic paddy rice farmers in the Molompar Village. The results showed that the adoption rate of organic paddy rice high enough that most farmers have implemented or adopted the organic paddy rice; based on the speed of innovation adoption of organic rice paddy, earlyimplemented farmer groups was categorized as the most speed of innovation adoption of organic paddy rice; there is a relationship between the level of age, education, extensive land ownership and income. Younger age, higher education, ownership of land, and the high revenue level tend to be of higher organic rice paddy level of adoption.

The objective of this research is to know sosial capital of “Citawaya” farmer group in Village of Talikuran I, Sub-district of Sonder, Minahasa Regency. The study lasted for three months starting from February until April 2017. The data used are primary data collected through interviews on all members of farmer group “Citawaya” which amounted to 20 people as respondents. Secondary data obtained from Talikuran I Village Offices. The analysis used is descriptive through Likert Scale and presented in tabular form. The results showed that “Citawaya” farmer group in the Village of Talikuran I had a very high social capital of trust, social norms, social network, social values, and reciprocity by obtaining social capital index 85%. The highest social capital was trust indicators, then it followed by reciprocity indicators then social network indicators, then indicators of social values and recent indicators of social norms. The high social capital makes the “Citawaya” farmer group able to survive until now and bring a good changing in the group.

This research aims to determine and describe how farm-workers can survive by social strategy as their strategy. From the three elements of social capital, that’s trust, norms, and networks, which one has the greater influence for a survival strategy of Kopiwangker farm-workers in village. This research was conducted over five months, from February until June 2016 started from preparation until making research reports. This study has used primary data and secondary data. The number of respondents is 30 respondents of whom are farm-workers. The sampling method which used in this research is purposive sampling and data analysis method used is descriptive qualitative which quantified using the Likert Scale. The results of this research indicate that social capital can be a survival strategy for Kopiwangker village farm-workers, especially on the elements of the network (patron-client networks) because it has the highest score, that is 450. But according to several informants that ever happened was also a problem among some farm-workers (as clients) and patrons, but always can be resolved.

This study aims to describe the role of Farmers Group "Tenggang Rasa" to the development of cocoa plants in the village of Inomunga, Kaidipang Sub-district, Utara Bolaang Mongondow District, North Sulawesi Province. The study lasted for 3 (three) months from January to March 2017 in Inomunga Village, Kaidipang Sub-district, Bolaang Mongondow Utara District. The data used were primary data collected through interviews with all members of farmer group "Tenggang Rasa" which amounted to 15 people as respondents. Secondary data were obtained from the Agricultural Office, the Inomunga Village Office and the District Office in Bolaang Mongondow Utara. The analytical method used is descriptive through Likert Scale and presented in tabular form. The results showed that “Tenggang Rasa” Farmer Group in Inomunga Village has a very important role as learning class, cooperation vehicle and production unit to develop cocoa plant by getting index of role which belong to high category that is 82,85 percent. With the existence of farmer groups, farmers are very helpful in overcoming their problems to get solution for the development of cocoa plants.

This study aims to describe how farmers carry out a strategy of life on three groups of farmer: upper layer, middle layer and peasant farmers to finance their family daily life. This research was conducted in the urban village of Pandu, Sub-District Bunaken, Manado City. Most of them live from farming activities. The research was conducted in November 2015 through to March 2016. The primary data obtained from interviews to three (3) groups. Selection of the sample is purposive stratified sampling. Each group selected five respondents, so a total of 15 respondents. Collection of secondary data derived from the Urban Village Office of Pandu, Manado City. The results showed that the upper and middle groups of farmers tend to apply the accumulation strategy while consolidation strategy was not found. The two groups have incomes that exceed the needs of farming and of the results they could buy a cow, land or other assets. While farmers lower group implement survival strategies. This farmersgroup use their earnings for the daily needs of the family and the other half to farm. Limited income makes farmers can not save even they have to borrow money to supplement the family income either eat or buy school supplies for children.