The aim of the present work was to compare the morphological changes occurring at the focus of experimental ischemic stroke treated with agents of the neurotrophic group (alpha-GPC, cerebrolysin), an agent with nootropic properties (piracetam), and a mixed-action agent (vinpocetine). Experiments were performed on 18 rats. Transient cerebral circulatory lesions (acute ischemia) were produced in the right hemisphere by clipping the stem of the innominate artery for 40 min. Light microscopic and electron microscopic studies were performed on fragments of cerebral cortex, brainstem, and cerebellum. Use of alpha-GPC and cerebrolysin increased the tolerance of neurons to ischemic damage and slowed the execution of the cell death program. Intracellular changes were seen and were interpreted as adaptive and reparative: these included folding of the nuclear membrane, abundance of polyribosomes, and endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex hypertrophy. These agents preserved the structures of the nuclear membranes and major cellular organelles. When piracetam and vinpocetine were used, all morphological measures indicated inadequate energy provision for repair processes in the acute stage of ischemic stroke. Morphological signs of functional tension of cerebral cortex neurons were seen, with gliocytes in different stages of apoptosis, along with the phenomenon of incomplete separation of gliocytes during proliferation, pathological changes to myelin and non-myelinated fibers, and abnormalities in synapse structure.

Recently, a large amount of evidence has been obtained on the possible involvement of inflammatory processes in epileptogenesis. Thus, in a number of studies, an increase in the synthesis of specific inflammatory mediators in the brain of patients and, accordingly, the activation of some pro-inflammatory pathways in the foci of seizures, as well as the participation of oxidative stress, was found. There was also information that some chronic infections, such as neurocistercosis, HIV and herpes, without causing acute cerebral pathology, can provoke epileptic seizures and even the formation of refractory epilepsy in the future. This review summarizes the experimental and clinical data from studies on the relationship between epilepsy and chronic infectious diseases and neuroinflammation.

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Is an acute problem with unstuffy cient regulation of hazardous components disinfectants and regulations of the European Union. This makes the development of methodological approaches to rapid normalization of disinfectants and the need to prevent their harmful effects on human health during the application according to the purpose. Ensuring the deployment procedure of state sanitary and epidemiological expertise disinfectants to scientifically based risk analysis. Remains topical scientific substantiation of monitoring programs for sensitivity to infectious agents and disinfectants containing active substances in the environment. "Geocid"a liquid concentrate transparent, light-yellow foam when shaking, has little odor, soluble in water. Working solutions anticorrosion and do not damage the painted surface of building structures, plastic and fabric.

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