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This study was undertaken to compare amino acid concentrations in maternal and newborn infants' serum in normal pregnancy and two groups of obese women who were born themselves with normal and small for gestational age (SGA) birth weight. Maternal cholesterol, lipoproteins concentrations and maternal and infants amino acid concentrations were evaluated at the time of delivery in 28 normal pregnancies, 46 obese pregnant women with normal birth weight (Ob-AGA group) and 44 obese pregnant women born themselves SGA (Ob-SGA group). Mean birth weight of newborn infants in Ob-SGA group was significantly less than in normal and Ob-AGA groups. Cholesterol and lipoproteins were significantly elevated in obese women (more prominent in Ob-SGA group). Most amino acid concentrations and fetal-maternal amino acid gradients were significantly lower in Ob-SGA group. These data suggest significant changes in placental amino acid transport/synthetic function in obese women who were born themselves SGA.

The article presents the results of solving one of the fundamental problems in the field of increasing strength, service life, survivability, reliability and safety of welded joints in critical structures. A model for simulation of elasto-plastic welds failure in steel structures at cryogenic temperatures was developed. It proposed clarifying calculation and experimental methods for analysis and simulation of failure mechanisms taking into account types of forming defects. In addition, effect of heating and cooling cycles, kinetics of elasto-plastic deformation as well as fields of residual stresses and strains were used to predict the results.

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