Lampung Province’s population growth rate has increased in recent decades. Population growth and mobility increase the need for water, energy, and food (WEF). Hence, maintaining food security, water consumption in the agricultural sector, and energy consumption have all been considered sustainable development. The potential of the three critical sectors can be increased using the nexus approach by taking into account several factors such as availability, accessibility, resource quality to generate positive synergies and effectively manage losses. The Nexus approach enhanced complex systems’ decision-making and responded to system shocks. Furthermore, it was used to identify and eliminate contradictory policies required to achieve integrated and coherent policies that address interconnected resource sectors. WEF Nexus approaches must comprehend how the governed’s trade-off and resource use efficiency affects outcomes in terms of social equity, externalities, and socio-ecological resilience. Based on WEF analysis for Lampung Province, water security is a significant factor for food and energy security, while water availability is in high vulnerability in the dry season due to lack of water resources infrastructure and catchment area degradation.

Climatic conditions influence the availability of water for rice cultivation. Climate change will significantly impact rice production in areas where water resource infrastructure is inadequate. South Lampung Regency is primarily a rain-fed rice production region. As a result, an assessment of water availability for rice cultivation is required for sustainable rice production. This study aims to provide recommendations to the government in carrying out the necessary infrastructure development. This study uses secondary data such as rainfall, temperature, solar radiation, evaporation, and humidity from 2010 to 2020. The study’s findings provide information on the sufficiency of water availability for rice cultivation in each sub-district in the South Lampung Regency, as well as scenarios for developing water resources infrastructure.