Genetic structure of animals of several Ukrainian modern breeds analysed by genes of protein and lipid exchange CSN3 (kappa-casein), BLG (betalactaglobulin), LEP (leptin), Pit-1 (pituitery transcription factor), TG-5 (thyroglobulin) were investigated in cows of three domestic breeds (Ukrainian Red Dairy, Ukrainian Black-speckled Dairy, Ukrainian Red-speckled Dairy). Polymer-ase chain reaction, followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism was used for the molecular-genetic analysis.
Background. According to the Center for Medical Statistics of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, the number of children with ophthalmic diseases has increased significantly over the last decade. The purpose of the study was to determine the awareness of teachers of secondary schools (schools, lyceums) on the problem of visual impairment among schoolchildren with the identification of their willingness to participate in preventive measures. Materials and methods. The materials of the study were the results of a sociological survey of teachers of schools and lyceums in Ukraine (a total of 6215 questionnaires were subject to analysis). We used the method of sociological research and methods of medical statistics, in particular to calculate the representativeness and reliability of the survey results. The study complied with modern European requirements for anonymity; each of the respondents was involved in the survey only after prior oral voluntary consent. The results revealed a lack of awareness of teachers in the prevention of visual impairment among schoolchildren, their willingness to participate in prevention activities and the high need for information support for modern prevention technologies. The majority of respondents supported the need to introduce regular vision testing in childhood, including in the framework of the relevant state prevention program. Conclusions. The majority of teachers (99.40 ± 0.10 %) supporting the expediency of introducing regular vision testing in children, (97.38 ± 0.20 %) support the introduction of a state prevention program to preserve vision from childhood. Based on the results of the study, promising for further research is the study of the possibility of involving teachers in preventive measures and participation in comprehensive programs for the prevention of ophthalmic pathology among students. It is also important to find effective ways of information support for educators on modern prevention technologies, risk factors for the formation of visual impairments in schoolchildren in order to prevent the formation of stigma against children with visual impairments and disorders in their environment.
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