Kemampuan kolaborasi merupakan kunci untuk mencapai proses pembelajaran yang efektif dan keterampilan kolaborasi inilah yang dibutuhkan dalam pendidikan dan dunia kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan model Problem Based Learning (PBL) dan efektivitas model Problem Based Learning (PBL) melalui pendekatan Science Education for Sustainability dalam meningkatkan kemampuan kolaborasi Peserta Didik IPA Kelas VIII SMP Negeri 4 Ponorogo. Metode penelitian ini termasuk penelitian Quasi Eksperiment, melalui pendekatan penelitian kuantitatif. Dalam pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling, yaitu kelas VIII H sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas VIII E sebagai kelas kontrol. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa tes pilihan ganda dan lembar penilaian observasi. Pelaksanaan model problem based learning melalui pendekatan Science Education for Sustainability berdasarkan lembar observasi penilaian terlaksana dengan baik dengan rata-rata kemampuan diperoleh 78,28%. Berdasarkan hasil uji hipotesis Independent Sampe T-Test, dapat diketahui bahwa data hasil nilai post-test thitung=1.443 sedangkan untuk ttabel=0,355 dengan jumlah responden 31. Dimana hasil dari thitung>ttabel (1.443>0,355), maka H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima. Dengan demikian membuktikkan bahwa ada perbedaan signifikan efektivitas antara penggunaan model problem based learning melalui pendekatan Science Education for Sustainability dengan model konvensional dalam meningkatkan kemampuan kolaborasi peserta didik IPA kelas VIII di SMP Negeri 4 Ponorogo.

Bahasa Inggris, sebagai bahasa internasional, mendapat perhatian lebih dalam dunia pendidikan di Indonesia. Bahasa asing ini dijadikan mata pelajaran wajib di sekolah menengah pertama (SMP) dan sekolah menengah atas (SMA). Selain itu, bahasa ini dijadikan muatan lokal di sekolah dasar (SD). Bahkan, beberapa kelompok belajar (KB) atau taman kanak-kanak (TK) sudah mengajarkan bahasa Inggris untuk anak-anak. Pada usia dini, anak-anak akan dengan mudah memperoleh atau mempelajari sesuatu yang baru, lebih-lebih mempelajari bahasa. Hal ini sesuai dengan teori <em>second language acquisition</em>. Oleh karena itu, untuk mengurangi terjadinya eror pada pembelajaran bahasa di usia dini, khususnya terkait teknik dan strategi pengajaran, kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk memberikan pelatihan pengajaran bahasa Inggris usia dini pada guru-guru Bahasa Inggris di PAUD/TK/MI Desa Abar-Abir. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk dapat memberikan gambaran kepada guru-guru tentang pengajaran <em>English for the young learner</em>.

In learning activities, teaching materials play a critical role. Teaching materials have appealing designs that encourage students to learn and use them as a study resource. The goal of this study was to figure out and develop what kind of teaching materials are used in academic reading classes. This study employs the research and development technique, as well as the Borg and Gall models. There are ten stages of Borg and Gall models, but The author generates teaching materials in the fourth stage of Borg and Gall model only because the author wants to do this research fast; they are the production of initial drafts of materials for teaching.  The type of materials of teaching from this research is handouts of academic reading, Academic reading was taught in the third semester of the English department of education faculty at the Qomaruddin University. So the subject of this research was students who are in semester three of the English Department of Qomaruddin University, some twenty-seven students consisting of twenty-two females and Five males. based on the findings of the development from teaching materials that have been already done. The Specific instructional objectives, instructional analysis, behavior analysis of learner, specific instructional objectives, and also syllabus are needed to create the handouts of teaching materials

Writing is one of the essential things that all students must do. In writing, the delivery of ideas needs to be arranged so that the writing is easy to understand and practical. One type of writing is when students write a research article for their final project or thesis. Abstract writing is one of the crucial sections of a final project or thesis because the abstract contains an outline of the research they did. In writing abstracts, metadiscourse markers were possible because they aimed to organize a sequence of ideas, attract readers' attention, and indicate how important the information was presented. This study investigated one hundred and twenty abstract theses from six study programs at Universitas Qomaruddin. They are English Department (PBI), Mathematic Department (PMT), Industrial Engineering (TI), Electrical Engineering (TE), Mechanical Engineering (MS), and Informatics Engineering (IF). Hyland (2005) formulated the interactional metadiscourse investigated as the primary reference. The results showed that all six study programs applied interactional metadiscourse markers when writing their abstracts. Moredespite different styles and preferences in applying markers. In terms of usage of overall metadiscourse, PBI applied the most markers, while MS applied the least. In terms of variants of metadiscourse, PBI also applied the most, and MS applied the least varied markers. The reasons behind more or less usage of interactional markers were influenced by how familiar they were with using English, as it also revealed their writing style. PBI is one example that their exposure to English pretty helps them vary the way they arrange their ideas in their abstracts. However, other surprising groups were PMT  and IF groups, which frequently showed the uses of metadiscourse markers. It also strengthened that English was not only dominated by English department students. It was more on how this language was known to many students at Universitas Qomaruddin. It is hoped that English as one of the international languages is no longer a big problem for students, especially in the case of abstract writing.

This study used pre-experimental research, conducting one group pre-test and post-test to examine the effectiveness of using Jamboard application media to improve students' writing skills. Furthermore, this study focused on common writing challenges that students face, such as using acceptable grammar, vocabulary, and mechanics when writing personal letters. Twenty-eight senior high school students majoring in Teknik Kendaraan Ringan were carefully chosen from SMK Abdurrahman Wahid Banjarmadu (TKR). The data revealed an improvement in the students' writing ability in personal letters utilizing jamboard by Wilcoxon signed rank test. According to the data, the positive learning outcomes for pre-test and post-test with a mean rank or average rise 14,50. While the number of sum of ranks is 406,00. Based on statistic value of Wilcoxon test the significance (2-tailed) < 0,05. It signifies that the alternative hypothesis (H1) was accepted because there was a substantial difference in the students' writing skills before and after treatment with Jamboard, whereas the null hypothesis (Ho) was denied. After examining the data, the researcher concluded that jamboard could be an alternate media for improving students' personal letter writing abilities. There are a total of 406,00 rankings. The Wilcoxon test has a significance threshold of 0.05 based on the statistic value (2-tailed). It signifies that the alternative hypothesis (H1) was accepted since there was a substantial difference in the students' writing ability before and after treatment with Jamboard, whereas the null hypothesis (Ho) was denied. Following an examination of the data, the researcher concluded that jamboard could be a viable alternative medium for boosting students' personal letter writing talents.