O Lúpus eritematoso sistêmico é uma doença de cunho autoimune e multissistêmica que consiste na inflamação crônica de vários órgãos do indivíduo afetado. A sua etiologia ainda é desconhecida, mas acredita-se que fatores genéticos e certos fatores ambientais estão relacionados com prevalência da doença. Por apresentar sintomas muito parecidos com outras patologias, o diagnóstico do Lúpus eritematoso sistêmico é complicado e requer a combinação de parâmetros clínicos e teste laboratoriais que buscam a presença de certos anticorpos característicos tais como FAN, anticorpos anti-DNA e anticorpos anti-SM. Esse estudo tem como objetivo relatar os principais métodos de diagnóstico clínicos e laboratoriais do Lúpus.Palavras-chave: Diagnóstico do lúpus. Fisiopatologia do lúpus. Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico. ABSTRACT Systemic lupus erythematosus is a multisystem autoimmune disease that consists of chronic inflammation of various organs of the patient. The etiology is unknown but it is thought that certain genetic and environmental factors are related to prevalence of the disease. To present very similar symptoms with other conditions, the diagnosis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus is complicated and requires a combination of clinical and laboratory testing to seek the presence of certain characteristic antibodies such as FAN, anti-DNA antibodies and anti-SM antibodies. This study aims to report the main methods of clinical and laboratory diagnosis of lupus. Keywords: Lupus diagnosis. Lupus physiopathology. Systemic lupus erythematosus.
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