Patients with transfusion-independent TI have lower HR-QoL compared to TM patients. At a comparable age, the shorter duration since diagnosis and the multiplicity of complications may explain these findings.

A considerable proportion of adult patients with TM and TI show evidence of depression and anxiety. Patients with TI are more liable to state anxiety than TM patients of a similar age, which is attributed to a shorter duration of living with a thalassemia diagnosis.

In the context of ongoing armed conflicts, efforts to provide humanitarian care are often not sustainable or effective in the long run. Additionally, there is a significant gap between interventions that are theoretically feasible and those that are actually implemented in practice. Building on these foundations and challenged by the limited publications on Syrian refugees, especially the elder population, we explore the understudied connection between the day to day elder refugee experience on one hand and the lack of building resources from within on the other. We take the example of Lebanon, where as many as 4000 Syrian refugees crossed into its territory daily and which now has the highest number of refugees per capita in the world. Lebanon has limited resources and funding and is strained under this socioeconomic burden. Due to this harsh reality, refugees' simplest needs are largely unmet and they are easy targets for retaliation by local civilians competing for basic resources. Needless to say, elderly refugees suffer most from these inequities and their status is particularly vulnerable. Within this context, and based on ongoing fieldwork, we offer a conceptual framework which calls for effective and sustainable interventions nurturing resilience in elderly refugees and ultimately aiming to help decrease tensions between the host communities and refugees.

We describe a case of a young male with disseminated tuberculosis and severe secondary hemophagocytic syndrome. He presented with symptoms of tuberculosis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis was diagnosed. Later, while on anti-tuberculous treatment, he developed pancytopenia and bone marrow aspirate showed large macrophages with increased phagocytosis of mature and immature blood elements typical of hemophagocytic syndrome.

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