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The aim of the study was to comprehensively assess the structure of the knee joint in young men and men of the first period of adulthood with normosthenic constitution using the ultrasonography technique.Material and methods. V.V. Bunak anthropometry technique (1941), B.A. Nikityuk and V.P. Chtetsov somatotyping (1990) and clinical examination of patients were used to form study groups, 25 people each with Pignet index from 17 to 23 without chronic diseases and pathology of the knee joint. Complex ultrasound examination was performed using ultrasound scanners "Sonoline G-60", Siemens (Germany), and Aloka 5500 Pro-Sound (Japan) with a linear transducer, 10 MHz frequency, and a convex transducer, 3.5 MHz frequency, in Ortho, Carotid and Abdomen modes with the "ZOOM" function. Morphometry was carried out using reference points. The obtained data were statistically processed by methods of variation statistics with a significance level of P≤0.05.Results. There was detected a significant increase in the transverse and vertical dimensions of the condyles of the femur, and an increase in the thickness of the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments in men of the first period of adulthood compared with the young men. The articular cartilage tended to restructure, this was manifested in thinning of its hypoechoic component and thickening of the hyperechoic component; the appearance of surface defects was more pronounced on the tibia. Ultrasound examination did not reveal age-related changes in the menisci of the knee joint, patellar ligaments and collateral ligaments.Conclusion. Ultrasound examination of the knee joint in young men and men of the first period of adulthood allowed establishing age-related transformations of the condyles of the femur, cruciate ligaments and articular cartilage.

The purpose of this work is to study the angular displacement and kinematics of the knee joint during walking. and spatio-temporal gait characteristics using motion capture data analysis, based on the observation of a group of healthy young adults. The angles of knee joint were registered for 29 young men at age 18-35. Was used Vicon motion capture system consisting of 10 cameras T40, AMTI platforms and Vicon Polygon and Vicon Nexus software. Results. The amplitude of knee joint flexion was 54.2±0.9°; knee axis rotation - 8.9±0.9°; lateral knee displacement - 11.9±0.9°. A relationship was found between flexion and extension of the knee joint and rotation of the hip joint. The relevant time-spatial gait parameters in the stance and swing phase, movement amplitude of the knee should be taken into account when choosing the best treatment. The data obtained in this study can be used as a normative basis for research in the early diagnosis of pathologies of the musculoskeletal system.