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Absrract. In this paper I discuss possible structural analyses of attributive adjectives. I argue that attributive adjectives should be given the same basic structure as predicative adjectives. Attributive adjectives are analysed as lexical heads, taking the noun as its right hand specifier. I show that this analysis, the SpecA-analysis, can account for a wide range of data concerning attributive adjectives. The paper addresses questions such as adjectival agreement, independently used adjectives, blocking effects caused by adjectives, head-movement of adjectives, and binding relations within the adjectival phrase.(1) Thematic: Den italienska invasionen av AlbanienThe Italian invasion-the of Albania ( 2 ) Adverbial: Det standiga tjatandet om skatternaThe constant nagging-the about taxes-the ( 3 ) Modifying: Det roda/stora huset The redibig house-the Thematic and adverbial adjectives are atypical, though. Apart from the fact that they are used with nominalizations, they cannot take degree adverbials, and they cannot be used predicatively. Here I will be concerned with prototypical attributive adjectives, i.e. modifying adjectives, which may also appear predicatively. I will give an analysis that * The main parts of this paper were presented in a talk at the 'Workshop on the Scandinavian Noun Phrase', in September 1992 in Umea. I thank the participants of the workshop for useful comments. I also thank Cecilia Falk, Gunlog Josefsson, Christer Platzack and an anonymous reviewer for valuable suggestions and comments on previous versions of this paper. 9 i~/ r u Lingursticu 47(2) 1 Y93. Q The Editorial Board olStudia Linguistica 1993.

In this article, I define exclamatives pragmatically, as a speech act which contains an assertion, and where there is a mismatch between this assertion and a presupposition. The assertion normally expresses a higher degree than expected, i.e. they are scalar. The speech act is instantiated in various ways in the Scandinavian languages. The aim of this article is to describe and characterise the syntactic variation in Scandinavian exclamative clauses, in the standard languages, as well as in some regional variants. First, I discuss the definition of exclamatives, and I recognise three main types, which I call degree, polar and reinforcing exclamatives. Second, I give a survey of the syntactic variation of the three types in Scandinavian, where I discuss syntactic properties such as word order and extraction possibilities as well as lexical, syntactic and prosodic features that are exclusive to exclamatives. Last, I conclude the paper by a taxonomy of exclamatives in Scandinavian.

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