The COVID-19 pandemic had a major impact on the economy around the world, damaging many areas of daily life. The industrial sector has been affected by the effects of industrial closures, reduced economic activity, and disruptions in logistics and transportation. The damage caused by the crisis has not yet been specifically assessed, as the industrial sector was not the most affected by the pandemic compared to other sectors of the economy. The subject of the study is the industrial sector of Ukraine and the EU. The aim of the article is to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on industrial development in Ukraine and the EU, as well as to propose economic policy measures to achieve stabilization in the industrial sector. Since industry is the foundation of economic growth and development, it is necessary to assess the depth of its decline and find possible solutions to get out of the recession. The theoretical analysis of the article is based on recent work by scientists in the field of industrial development, as well as on the authors' developments assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the economy. The COVID-19 pandemic created the following problems for Ukraine's economy and industry: a decrease in aggregate global demand and a decline in business activity, which led to lower prices on world commodity markets; strengthening of government regulation; raw-material orientation of Ukraine's exports and the significant dependence of industrial enterprises on world prices for raw materials; transport and logistics problems with raw material supply chains; lower business expectations and reduced investment due to significant uncertainty. The findings showed that the coronavirus crisis hit the industrial sectors mainly in April 2020, leading to a 16.1% decline in industrial production in Ukraine and an 18.6% decline in the EU. Such industries as automobile manufacturing, leather manufacturing, light industry, furniture manufacturing, coal mining, oil and gas extraction were hit the hardest. The following measures to stabilize the industrial sector are proposed: support for domestic demand for the products of industries, namely metallurgy, machine building, and chemical industry, which are mainly export-oriented and very sensitive to changes in global demand; stimulation and development of high value-added production; acceleration of the digitalization process within national borders; support for the industrial sector in its pursuit of environmentally friendly production, and others.
The article considers the relevant problems concerning the correlation between the development of priority economic sectors and sustainable economic growth in Ukraine. The assumption is made that development at the macroeconomic level can only be achieved when the positive dynamics of material production sectors is observed. The resource potential of Ukraine allows to distinguish two main sectors: agriculture and industry.Many scholars have repeatedly considered ways of achieving positive economic dynamics at the level of the national economy. But despite the existing research on the problems of economic growth, its’ financial assessment and modelling, as well as the dominant factors of influence, remain unsolved. The aim of the article is to identify the factors of economic growth and assess their influence on the overall economic dynamics within two main material production sectors of Ukraine: industry and agriculture. In order to achieve this, the influence factor model of economic growth has been composed, where GDP growth was selected as a result indicator. The choice of influencing factors is substantiated by: quantity of goods and services sold, number of employees in the industry, investments, fixed assets value and the consumer price index. The most influential factors that significantly impact the overall economic dynamics have been revealed in the article.
Проведен ретроспективный анализ проявлений эпидемического процесса энтеровирусной инфекции в Хабаровском крае в предшествующий наводнению семилетний период. Показано наличие предпосылок возможного осложнения эпидемиологической обстановки в период чрезвычайной гидрологической ситуации 2013 г. В крае из года в год сохраняется стабильно неблагополучная ситуация по заболеваемости энтеровирусными инфекциями, наблюдаемая при благоприятных климатических условиях -высоких температурах воздуха и воды поверхностных водоемов, высокой влажности воздуха. Поддержанию эпидемического процесса в течение всего года способствуют «здоровое» вирусоносительство и обширное распространение энтеровирусов в водных объектах внешней среды. Отмечена широкая циркуляция различных генотипов энтеровирусов, в том числе имеющих высокую степень генетического сходства со штаммами, зарегистрированными на сопредельной территории Китайской Народной Республики.Ключевые слова: энтеровирусная инфекция, Хабаровский край, эпидемический процесс, заболеваемость, штаммы энтеровирусов.Carried out has been retrospective analysis of epidemiological process manifestations as regards enteroviral infection in the Khabarovsk Region over the period of 7 years, prior to rainfall floods in 2013. Revealed is the possibility of aggravation of epidemiological situation during hydrological emergency situation. The premises are as follows: persistent due to specific climate conditions prevalent in the Khabarovsk Territory (high air and surface water temperatures, and high humidity rates) unfavorable epidemiological situation on enteroviral infections, virus-carriage in "healthy" people and extensive dissemination of enteroviruses in the water bodies of ambient environment. Moreover, widespread circulation of different enterovirus genotypes, including the isolates with high genetic similarity to the strains identified earlier in the adjoining People's Republic of China, takes place.
Today, the diversity of functions of the state is objectively expanding, especially in the context of socially oriented economies of developed countries. Effective governance of state property serves as a solid foundation for successful performance of the state functions. The chosen topic is of particular relevance in the context of Ukraine's transformational economy. The subject of research is the system of economic relations of state property. Methodology. In the course of the study, a general philosophical dialectical method was used to find contradictions in the phenomena and sources of their development, such as the essence of state property and its contents. Common scientific methods were also used: analysis and synthesis; comparative analysis; statistical methods for calculating the structure and dynamics of indicators of condition and development of state property. The overall system for assessing the socio-economic efficiency of state property management was carried out on the basis of microeconomic indicators and macroeconomic indicators (indicators of economic and social efficiency). The purpose of the paper is to reveal the trends of development of state ownership relations in the European countries as well as in Ukraine, in particular, the difficulties of the process of managing them, as well as to formulate possible ways to overcome such difficulties. Conclusions of the study. Today, the importance of the state as a public institute is objectively increasing in the most economically developed countries. By succeeding in achieving positive institutional changes in ownership relations (creating favorable conditions for SMEs, developing market infrastructure, conducting moderate privatization of state property, transferring state-owned enterprises to market tracks, maintaining policies for protecting national interests, etc.) the grounds for economic growth and improvement of the social sphere in France and Poland were made. Though the conducted analysis showed that the development of state property in Ukraine is contradictory, it has the following problems: ambiguous character of privatization; low efficiency of state property governance; insufficient efficiency of work of enterprises with state ownership; institutional problems. Overall, the socio-economic efficiency of state property governance in Ukraine needs improvement. Thus, the state policy of property governance should include, in particular, the following steps: development of a national model of governance, as well as strategies for the development of state property; organization of state property management entities; development of a system of criteria and indicators for assessing not only the economic but also the social efficiency of state property governance.
Noroviruses are the leading etiologic cause of outbreaks and sporadic cases of acute gastroenteritis worldwide. The objective of research was to study the genotypes of noroviruses, that caused outbreaks and sporadic incidence of norovirus infection in the Khabarovsk region in 2015-2018. The analysis of outbreaks due to norovirus infection in the Khabarovsk Region in 2015-2018 was performed. The molecular genetic study of samples from 60 patients from three norovirus outbreaks in the Khabarovsk Region and from 164 children with sporadic acute gastroenteritis in Khabarovsk region was performed. Genotype of noroviruses was determined by sequencing method, phylogenetic analysis of the obtained nucleotide sequences was carried out. The norovirus genotypes GII.17, GII.4 Sydney_2012 and GII.6 had caused the outbreaks of norovirus infection in the Khabarovsk region in 2015-2018. Sporadic cases of acute gastroenteritis in children in Khabarovsk in 2016 were due to GII.4 Sydney_2012, GII.3 and GII.6 norovirus genotypes. Detection of the GII.4 Sydney_2012 strain in both outbreaks and sporadic norovirus infection cases in the Khabarovsk region in 2016 evidenced of active circulation of this variant type during this period. The genotype GII.6 had been identified in Khabarovsk from 2016 to 2018.
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