The stool samples from 245 patients with diarrhea were tested for heat labile toxin (LT) and heat stable toxins (ST) by passive latex agglutination and enzyme immunoassay methods respectively. Twelve (4.9%) enterotoxigenic E. Coli ETEC strains were isolated. Five strains (2%) expressed ST, and 7 (2.8%) expressed LT.

Salmonella Typhi infections are important public health problems for the developing countries. In this study we investigated the molecular epidemiology of a suspected well-water borne S. Typhi outbreak occurred in a district of Malatya-Turkey. This outbreak affected 10 patients in two days. Arbitrary primed polymerase chain reaction (AP-PCR) based typing showed two clones, one had seven, and the other had three strains, supporting outbreak speculation. By adding chlorine to wells by local municipal authority, the outbreak ended within a very short time (about ten days).

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Background: Tigecycline is a new, semisynthetic glycylcycline. It is active against important multidrug resistant pathogens. Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the sensitivity of multidrug-resistant enterococci to tigecycline, and to test the correlation between the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and disk diffusion methods. Materials and methods: The antimicrobial sensitivity of 108 multidrug-resistant isolates, which included 52 vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) and 56 high-level aminoglycoside-resistant (HLAR) enterococci, was tested by the E test, broth microdilution test and disk diffusion methods. Results: All of the isolates were sensitive to tigecycline, as determined by the E test and broth microdilution test. The MIC 90 value (0.19 lg/mL) of tigecycline for HLAR enterococci was higher than that for VRE (0.094 lg/mL). When results were evaluated according to species, the MIC values of tigecycline for Enterococcus faecalis were higher than those for the other species. Eleven (10.1%) isolates produced false resistance results (zone diameter 615 mm) by the disk diffusion method. These cases were classified as major errors. Eight (7.4%) isolates had intermediate sensitivity (sensitivity zone of 16 or 17 mm), which were classified as minor errors. The major and minor error percentages of HLAR enterococci (14.2% major, 10.7% minor error) were higher than those of VRE (5.7% major, 3.8% minor error). These results indicate that tigecycline is effective