Observations: In 100 (100%) cases that were taken for the study 22 cases (22%) showed variations in the bifurcation and branching of the renal arteries was observed. There was an early bifurcation of the renal artery in 10 cases (45.45%). There was an accessory renal artery bilateral in 12 cases (54.54%). Conclusion: Identification of renal vascular variants is important, especially before laparoscopic donor or partial nephrectomy and vascular reconstruction for renal artery stenosis or abdominal aortic aneurysm. MDCT angiography is an excellent imaging investigation because it is a fast and non-invasive tool that provides highly accurate and detailed evaluation of normal renal vascular anatomy and variants. The number, size and course of the renal arteries and veins are easily identified by MDCT angiography.

Background:The extra hepatic biliary apparatus usually presents with some anatomical or embryological variations which go unnoticed and are commonly encountered during some radiological investigations or in operation theaters. Such variations of the morphology of Gall bladder have been well documented in the literature for many years but a detail morphological study of variations of the gall bladder and its incidence is very rare. In this era of quick results, increasing use of diagnostic and interventional procedures makes it important to study variations of gall bladder morphology. Most of the interventional procedures in this modern era are done laparoscopically and there is tremendous increase in the number of laparoscopic cholecystectomies. So, sound knowledge of possible variations in morphology of gall bladder is important. Materials and Methods: This study was undertaken on 100 cadaveric liver and gall bladder specimens in terms of length, maximum transverse diameter, and shape, external variations of gall bladder, Interior and length of gall bladder below the inferior border of the liver. Results: Gall Bladder had length ranging between 3.3 and 10 cm, transverse diameter between 2.0 and 5.0 cm. The commonest shape observed in this study was pear shaped in 80% of cases. The length of gall bladder below the inferior border of liver varied between 0.4 and 2.5 cm. Conclusion:The growing importance of such variations, lie not only from the point of biliary disease but also with respect to the various invasive techniques in the diagnosis and treatment of gall bladder and extra hepatic bile duct disease.

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