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The walled city of Baku, Icherisheher has been described as one of the best examples of a city that has retained its historical stratigraphy in over a thousand years, where the different influences and its evolution in time may be appreciated. In realising the Master Plan of the historical city, many problems were solved with different information technologies (GIS, DEM, DTM, etc.) for the survey and data mapping management during all the phases of the project. Initially the analysis was addressed to systematic reading of the documents collected during the iconographic study, verifying the process of deterioration that the historic city had suffered during various periods from the Khans to the Tsarist domain, and from the Republic of Azerbaijan to the Soviet period through to its independence. The entire central part of the historic city was analyzed, including not only on its special architectural and urban monuments, but even minor buildings, which are in part still intact, used as a basis for a digital map created in order to focus on Baku's historical evolution. A three-dimensional model of the historic centre of Baku was then produced as a basis not only for virtual navigation in real time, but as additional support for planning studies and to better understand the principles of various design choices. The request to produce a model in VRML format addressed the choice of better modelling methods. The combination of these different technologies and their application in the analysis of historical cities led to further considerations on data acquisition systems, standardization of formats, the use of survey instruments and the use of different software, etc., all fundamental elements to the define their correct use.

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Urbino, a city whose historic centre was declared to be part of the UNESCO World Heritage, serves as a case history for the application of innovative research methodologies based on GIS applications in urban contexts. Various phases of research have led to the evolution of a single GIS project that manages the territorial context as well as the geomorphological and historical reconstructions of the evolution of the city from the first Roman settlements to the present day, up to reaching a management of the current urban centre's layout and of the archaeological peculiarities found in the area. In particular, the analysis and urban management phase is presented. All of the features are organised in the Geodatabase environment by taking a threedimensional modelling of floorplans with their relative covering and showing in the correct geographical-spatial location also perspectives, in their 3D morphology. The focus of the work is the integrated management of all the peculiarities of the urban elements, from their composition, to their geometric characteristics, from the state of conservation to the interventions for dynamic monitoring based on complete and upgradeable cartography, useful for the enjoyment and enhancement of the urban areas but also in the context of the decision-making and planning.

On November 30, 1998, the historic centre of Urbino was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List, and the municipality developed the Management Plan for the UNESCO site in the years 2012-2013. The proposed work is part of the University of Urbino's research project for a Plan for the Conservation, Enhance- ment, and Management of its Architectural Heritage (35 buildings, eleven of which are historic buildings owned in the historic center) and the artworks contained therein. The contribution is focused on the pilot project of Palazzo Albani, a historic building recognized of great value by the community as a non-renewable, irreproducible, and irreplaceable resource. The work experiments with an operational flow that starts from the analysis of historical archival sources, with special attention to technical-constructive aspects, and direct investigation, to the identification of the best interventions and the application of new documentary protocols for the communication of the heritage in its different aspects palace and contained works.