Equidade no acesso ao rastreamento mamográfico do câncer de mama com intervenção de mamógrafo móvel no sul do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil Equity in access to breast cancer screening in a mobile mammography program in southern Rio Grande do Sul State, BrazilEquidad en el acceso a la detección por mamografía del cáncer de mama con el uso del mamógrafo móvil en el sur del Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

Lumbar hernia is a rare condition whose diagnosis is hardly achieved. The prevalence is higher in elderly men. The present case report describes the case of a male, 78-year-old patient who underwent pleural effusion drainage 17 years before presenting with clinical manifestations and tomographic findings compatible with acquired secondary Grynfeltt's hernia. Keywords: Lumbar hernia; Grynfeltt's hernia; Superior lumbar hernia.A hérnia lombar é um diagnóstico infrequente e difícil. É mais prevalente em pessoas do sexo masculino e de idade avançada. Relatamos o caso de um paciente de 79 anos de idade, do sexo masculino, que realizou drenagem de derrame pleural há 17 anos e que apresentou quadro clínico e tomográfico de hérnia lombar adquirida secundária do tipo Grynfeltt. Unitermos: Hérnia lombar; Hérnia de Grynfeltt; Hérnia lombar superior. AbstractResumo

The anatomy of the corpus callosum has received renewed interest during recent years due to the increasing number of callosotomies performed to treat intraventricular lesions, as well as some forms of generalized epilepsy. We have previously reported on the microsurgical anatomy of the corpus callosum and identified specific anatomical reference landmarks that can be used during surgery. In the present study we have continued the anatomical aspect of this earlier work in a larger number of cases, with in vitro observations (brain out of skull) being compared with the corresponding in vivo features seen in sagittal MRI slices. Fifty-three in vitro microsurgical callosotomies was performed and the data collected compared with a series of 57 in vivo normal MR callosal images. Callosal dimensions were measured on both the anatomical and MRI material, thus overcoming the problems associated with in vitro callosal deformation. Of the anatomical landmarks studied the distance from the genu of the corpus callosum to the bifurcation of the columns of the fornix was found to be useful for the intraoperative evaluation of the extent of rostral callosotomy, as it is not significantly changed in in vitro. The main microsurgical features of rostral callosotomy are presented.

Young people have specific health risks whether they live in a rural environment or in an urban environment. It was intended with this integrative literature review to identify the specific health risks of young people in rural and urban settings. To achieve this, we carried out an integrative review of the literature on EBSCO databases, PROQUEST, Mendeley, B-ON, from February 2018 to May 2018, having the selection criteria articles published between 2002 and 2018 so that we identify recent studies that reveal actual risks. The results allowed us to identify a very varied set of risk behaviours in both rural and urban settings. Most of the studies analysed had a transversal design, anthropometric evaluations were performed to evaluate health status. Interesting findings resulted, namely young people in rural areas are exposed to additional and more varied risks than urban ones, requiring greater supervision and follow-up by health professionals. These findings can help to define practices more directed to real risks. Although health authorities are aware of some risks to which young people are subjected, studies report little or nothing has been done to protect them, so we believe that it is urgent to create health policies that are appropriate for each environment to safeguard them.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a ocorrência e a correlação de tromboembolismo pulmonar (TEP) e trombose venosa profunda (TVP) por meio de um protocolo único de angiotomografia computadorizada. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo realizado de julho de 2003 a junho de 2004 no Hospital Copa D'Or, Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Foram analisadas 116 angiotomografias de pacientes com suspeita clínica de TEP. Após o estudo do tórax, com um intervalo de três minutos e sem injeção adicional de contraste, foram obtidos cortes do diafragma até os joelhos, a fim de pesquisar TVP. RESULTADOS: De 116 pacientes, 23 (19,8%) cursaram com TEP, 24 com TVP (20,7%), 15 (12,9%) apresentaram tanto TEP quanto TVP e 9 (7,8%) apresentaram TVP na ausência de TEP. Dos 23 casos positivos de TEP, 15 apresentaram concomitantemente TVP (65,2%), enquanto em 8 (34,8%) foi visto apenas TEP. Dos 24 casos positivos de TVP, 15 (62,5%) apresentaram TEP associado, enquanto em 9 (37,5%) foi encontrada TVP isolada. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados demonstraram a forte relação entre TEP e TVP, a importância de pesquisar TVP nos casos com suspeita de TEP e a utilidade do uso combinado da angiotomografia de tórax e da venotomografia como alternativa de único exame de investigação de TEP e TVP simultaneamente.