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Marine filer-feeders are continuously sampling the environment for plastics.• We determined microplastic exposure from prey and scats of whales in New Zealand using novel stochastic simulation model. • Whales had an estimated daily ingestion of around three million microplastics. • Trophic transfer is considered the major path of microplastic exposure for whales. • Measuring microplastic from water underestimates exposure by 4 orders of magnitude.

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