This chapter deals with the topic of bioinformatics, computational, mathematics, and statistics tools applied to biology, essential for the analysis and characterization of biological molecules, in particular proteins, which play an important role in all cellular and evolutionary processes of the organisms. In recent decades, with the next generation sequencing technologies and bioinformatics, it has facilitated the collection and analysis of a large amount of genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic data from different organisms that have allowed predictions on the regulation of expression, transcription, translation, structure, and mechanisms of action of proteins as well as homology, mutations, and evolutionary processes that generate structural and functional changes over time. Although the information in the databases is greater every day, all bioinformatics tools continue to be constantly modified to improve performance that leads to more accurate predictions regarding protein functionality, which is why bioinformatics research remains a great challenge.
El género Tagetes, es un grupo de plantas conocidas comúnmente como cempasúchil o flor del muerto, las cuales, son reconocidas principalmente por su uso en la industria alimentaria, horticultura ornamental, terapéutico herbolario y cultural. Tagetes coronopifolia y terniflora, son dos plantas de este género, empleadas en la rotación de cultivos para el control de nemátodos fitopatógenos. En este trabajo se realizó el aislamiento de 581 cepas a partir de muestras de suelo rizosférico, suelo adherido a la raíz y el interior de la raíz a los 30, 60, 90 y 120 días de crecimiento, en cultivos de invernadero. Del total de cepas de rizobacterias aisladas, 22 presentaron actividad antagónica a Fusarium sp. y 53 a Stenocarpella maydis, ambos. hongos patógenos de maíz, mientras que 37 cepas mostraron antagonismo a la bacteria fitopatógena Clavibacter michiganensis subsp michiganensis. De acuerdo con el porcentaje de inhibición de los patógenos en estudio, se seleccionaron 10 rizobacterias para su identificaron molecular utilizando un fragmento de aproximadamente 1484 pb del gen 16SrDNA. El análisis de similitud utilizando la herramienta BLAST del NCBI, arrojó como resultado que las rizobacterias pertenecen a los géneros Bacillus y Pseudomonas, géneros utilizados como agentes de biocontrol.
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