In 2011 a specialist meeting on the "Future Directions in Spatial Demography" was held in Santa Barbara, California (Matthews, Goodchild, & Janelle, 2012). 1 This specialist meeting was the capstone to a multi-year National Institutes of Health training grant that had supported workshops in advanced spatial analysis methods increasing used by population scientists. 2 Early-career scholars who had participated in the training workshops and senior demographers and geographers drawn from across the United States participated in the specialist meeting. 3 The application process to attend the 2011 meeting, required that each of the forty-one attendees submit a statement that reviewed challenges and identified new directions for spatial demography, including gaps in current knowledge regarding innovations in geospatial data, spatial statistical methods, and the integration of data and models to enhance the science of spatial demography in population and health research. Reading again some of the