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It is important to note that because Foundation Center's grant sample is meant to provide an overview of giving by U.S. foundations overall, the proportion of community foundations included in the sample each year tends to vary, although the set stays roughly consistent from 2011 to 2014. Variability in the data set makes analyses of trends in community foundation giving before 2011 challenging. To avoid double counting grant dollars, the research sample does not include grants awarded to U.S. community foundations. For some community foundations, donor advised funds (DAFs) may be excluded or not possible to identify because fund type is not included in the data reported to Foundation Center. International grants include grants to recipients located outside the U.S. and grants to U.S. recipients for international programs. The geographic distribution of grants is determined by the geographic area served by each grant. In instances where this data is unavailable, the geographic location is based on the location of the recipient organization.

f o u n d at i o n c e n t e r c o u n c i l o n f o u n d at i o n s Established in 1956, Foundation Center is the leading source of information about philanthropy worldwide. Through data, analysis, and training, it connects people who want to change the world to the resources they need to succeed. Foundation Center maintains the most comprehensive database on U.S. and, increasingly, global grantmakers and their grants-a robust, accessible knowledge bank for the sector. It also operates research, education, and training programs designed to advance knowledge of philanthropy at every level. Thousands of people visit Foundation Center's website each day and are served in its five library/learning centers and at more than 450 Funding Information Network locations nationwide and around the world. An active philanthropic network, the Council on Foundations, founded in 1949, is a nonprofit leadership association of grantmaking foundations and corporations. It provides the opportunity, leadership, and tools needed by philanthropic organizations to expand, enhance and sustain their ability to advance the common good. The Council empowers professionals in philanthropy to meet today's toughest challenges and advances a culture of charitable giving in the U.S. and globally.