No abstract

Um tema comum que conecta as interpretações do registro material do passado dizrespeito às formas como as pessoas se envolvem com o mundo material em uma dada expressão cultural e nas suas negociações da vida cotidiana. A relação entre comportamento e mundo material está longe de ser passiva. Os artefatos são encarnações tangíveis das relações sociais, incorporando atitudes e comportamentos do passado.

Viewed as a social act, tobacco use is a rich area for archaeological inquiry. The act of tobacco consumption has historically conveyed meaning, commwticating self-perceptions of class, etltnicity, and gender roles. Tobacco consumption has also resulted in the use and discard of material culture, often in large quantities, making it of particular interest to archaeologists. The examination of tobacco use as a field for the negotiation of gender roles in the late 19th and early 20th centuries provides an excellent basis for a critical examination of an "archaeology of gender." The constellation of meanings surrounding actions and motivations that emerges from the doCllmentary record is at odds with the perception that has been fostered by presentday mass media. The use of tobacco-related material culture as "index artifacts" of gender is only possible if a reductive approach is employed, downplaying the influences of class, etlmicity, and regionalism, and ignoring change in behavior over time. The polyvocality of actions and material symbols surrounding smoking and the tendency of meanings to change over time are such that caution is required when relying on the material record alone to examine gender issues. Consider€ com me un acte social, /'usage du tabac constitue 1111 riclte dotnnine d' enquete archeologique. L'usage du tabac a toujours ete charge de sens, indiquant comment le fumeur se percevait sous le rapport de Ia classe sociale, de l'ethnicite et du sexe. L'usage du tabac a aussi entraine /'utilisation et Ia mise au rebut de Clllture materielle, souvent e11 grande quantite, ce qui le rend particulierement interessant pour l'archeologue. L'examen de /'usage du tabac comme domaine de negociation des roles des sexes sur Ia fin du XIX' siecle et au debut du XX' fournit une excellente base ii tm examen critique d'une <<11rclteologie des sexes». La constellation de significations pour ce qui est des actes et motivations qui se degagent des documents ne cadre pas avec Ia perception qu'entretiennent les medias d'aujourd'hui. L'emploi de Ia Clllture materielle liee au tabac comme «artefacts indicatifs» du sexe n'est possible qu'avec une approche reductive qui minore !'influence de In classe sociale, de l'ethnicite et du regionalisme et ne tient pas compte de l'evlution des comportements au cours du temps. La «polyvocalite» des actes et des symboles materiels qui entourent /'usage du tabac et Ia tendance des significations ii changer avec le temps sont telles qu'il faut ltesiter ii s' en remettre uniquement ii I' elbnent materiel dans l' examen des questions des sexes.

Acceptable data quality for formation evaluation forms the foundation for understanding the petrophysical & reservoir properties, coal quality and properties and pay zones identification. The petrophysical logs are used in both subsurface modelling and to optimise the well completion strategy, ensuring effective coal dewatering and desorption for gas production. At the moment, the industry common practice for data acquisition is to use open-hole wireline logging tools, which were developed primarily for the oil and gas industry. These tools are designed for higher pressure and temperature specifications compared to the reservoir conditions normally seen in CSG operations. This results in heavier tools, bigger logging trucks and increased manpower requirements than seen in mining logging operations.Arrow's CBM development projects in Queensland, Australia, are designed with a large volume of wells (more than~1000 wells) that will need to be drilled and evaluated over the next ten years. At present, the cost of logging (direct wireline contractors and associated rig time cost) is forcing Arrow to choose between early data coverage (eroding project economics value) versus restricted logging (increasing project risk). In order to resolve this issue, Arrow has embarked on a series of technology trials to investigate various cost effective formation evaluation solutions, while still ensuring data quality and operational safety. This paper will present the results of a comparison (logoff) of state-of-the-art mining logging technology and conventional oil and gas logging technology. Also, the paper will focus on the miningstyle logging technology data quality, equipment footprint, tool handling, calibration procedures, limitations and general operational efficiency.