The free hand technique of thoracic pedicle screw placement performed in a step-wise, consistent, and compulsive manner is an accurate, reliable, and safe method of insertion to treat a variety of spinal disorders, including spinal deformity.

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Victoria J., "Risk factors for surgical site infection following orthopaedic spinal operations". The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, 90, 1, 62-69. 2008 Background: Surgical site infections are not uncommon following spinal operations, and they can be associated with

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