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A double-blind crossover study was conducted to evaluate the antitussive effectiveness of diphenhydramine (DPH) in chornic coughs related to bronchitis, at doses of 25 and 50 mg every 4 hr for four doses. Both 25- and 50-mg doses caused a statistically and clinically significant reduction in frequency of coughs, compared to placebo. The most frequently reported side effect was drowsiness, principally at the 50-mg dose level. There was little or no apparent correlation between antitussive effectiveness and incidence of drowsiness, however, suggesting that the two effects were pharmacologically unrelated.

The effect of acute hypotensive hemorrhage on the intracortical distribution of renal blood flow was studied in anesthetized mongrel dogs with radioactive microspheres. In the early stages of shock, when carotid artery manipulation was avoided, outer cortical blood flow fell drastically and juxtamedullary flow was relatively well preserved. Carotid artery cannulation caused a redistribution of blood flow within the kidney even before hemorrhage, presumably by stimulating the carotid sinus reflex. Subsequently, with hemorrhage there was a parallel reduction in outer cortical and juxtamedullary blood flow. 138 Xe washout curves agreed with the microsphere findings. It was concluded that when the carotid artery was not disturbed, juxtamedullary blood flow was selectively preserved in the early stages of acute hypotensive hemorrhage. KEY WORDSmicrospheres 133 xe washout carotid sinus reflex sympathetic nerves redistribution of intrarenal blood flow renal medullary blood flow renal cortical blood flow

labeled red cells mid I 131 huniiin serum iilbumin were injected intrnvenously into S mongrel dogs. After 1 hour kidneys were removed and frozen rapidly with dry ice. Sections of outer cortex, inner cortex, outer medulla, inner niedulhi, outer pnpilln nnd inner papilla were removed and analyzed for Cr 111 and I 181 radioactivity. Tissue mdioactivity was compared with that of arterial blond and concentrations of labeled red cells and albumin were calculated. No significant difference was found in relative red cell and albumin content between outer and inner cortex. The magnitude of the I 131 albumin content in the cortex Ls interpreted to indicate a sizeable exlruvusvukir exchangeable albumin pool. The renal papillae were extraordinarily deficient in red cells, but contained per ]00 Gin., albumin equivalent to that of 39 ml. of plasma. SKI C!n nlnlion Rrwarrh, Va/ttmr VI. Xorrmbtr at University

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