How to Cite This ArticleMakivic L, Glisic M, Boskovic M, Djordjevic J, Markovic R, Baltic M, Sefer D: Performances, ileal and cecal microbial populations and histological characteristics in broilers fed diets supplemented with lignocellulose. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 25 (1): 83-91, 2019. AbstractThe effect of dietary lignocellulose on broilers performance, intestinal microbiota and morphology, pH of digesta and litter humidity after 28 and 42 days of the experiment was evaluated. A total of 384 Cobb500 chickens (initial weight: 41.88±1.56 g) were divided into 4 groups with 24 replications and fed with control diet (C), a control diet with added 0.4% of lignocellulose (T1), a diet with added 0.6% of lignocellulose at the expense of soybean meal and maize (T2), and a diet supplemented with 0.6% of lignocellulose at the expense of soybean meal (T3). T2 treatment significantly influenced body weight, weight gain (WG), feed intake (FI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR). T2 and T3 treatment increased average LAB and Bifidobacterium spp. count, and decreased the number of Escherichia coli in the ileum and cecum, while differences in cecal Clostridium perfringens count among 0.4% and 0.6% treatments were not observed. Feeding the lignocellulose diet did not affect the relative weights of empty proventriculus, gizzard or intestines, but led to a decrease in pHs. T3 treatment caused an increase of the villi heights and significantly lower moisture content in the litter. Even though the addition of lignocellulose into broilers diet positively influenced performances, changes in intestinal microbiota and villi heights, based on the results of the present study, supplementation with 0.6% lignocellulose is recommended. ÖzDiyetteki lignoselülozun 28 ve 42 gün uygulama sonrası broiler tavuklarda performans, barsak mikrobiyatı, morfolojisi ve içerik pH'sı ile dışkı nemi üzerine etkileri değerlendirildi. Toplam 384 adet Cobb500 tavuk (ilk ağırlıkları: 41.88±1.56 g) 24 tekrar olmak üzere 4 gruba ayrıldı ve kontrol diyet (C), %0.4 lignoselüloz ilaveli kontrol diyet (T1), soya fasulyesi ve mısır yerine %0.6 lignoselüloz ilaveli diyet (T2), soyafasulyesi yerine %0.6 lignoselüloz ilaveli diyet (T3) ile beslendi. T2 uygulaması vücut ağırlığı, ağırlık kazanımı, yem tüketimi ve yem konversiyon oranını anlamlı derecede etkiledi. T2 ve T3 uygulamaları ileum ve sekumda ortalama LAB ve Bifidobacterium spp. sayısını artırırken Escherichia coli sayısında azalmaya neden oldu. %0.4 ile %0.6 uygulamaları arasında sekum Clostridium perfringens miktarında ise fark belirlenmedi. Lignoselüloz ilaveli diyetle besleme proventrikulus, taşlık ve barsakların orantısal organ ağırıklarını etkilemezken pH'da azalmaya neden oldu. T3 uygulaması, villus uzunluklarında artmaya ve anlamlı derecede dışkının neminde azalmaya neden oldu. Broiler diyetine lignoselüloz ilavesi performans, barsak mikrobiyatası ve villus uzunluğunda pozitif etkilere neden olmuştur. Elde edilen sonuçlar doğrultusunda %0.6 oranında lignoselüloz kullanılması önerilmektedir. Anahtar sözcükler...

Literature data show that the relationship between two groups of polyunsaturated fatty acids in diet, omega 3 acids, whose basic representative is a-linolenic acid (C18: 3 n-3), and omega 6 acids, whose basic representative is linoleic acid (C18: 2 n-6), has a significant role in development of cardiovascular diseases in humans. The optimal ratio of omega 6 to omega 3 fatty acids is around 4:1. In monogastric animals, the fatty acids in feed are absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract largely unchanged. This means the fatty acid profile of the animal’s diet directly reflects the fatty acid profile of the tissue. The daily intake of unsaturated fatty acids can be increased by an adequate animal nutrition strategy. Flaxseed contains ten times more unsaturated (32.26%) than saturated (3.66%) fatty acids. The largest amount of unsaturated fatty acids (about 70%) is a-linolenic acid (ALA), which is a precursor of the entire omega 3 series of fatty acids, and which makes flaxseed an ideal raw material for the production of a wide range of omega 3 enriched products. In order to obtain chicken meat rich in omega 3, an experiment was organized with a specific diet for broilers at fattening. Thanks to the designed animal feed, it was possible to get products (meat, breast, drumstick, liver, subcutaneous fat) with significantly higher amounts of omega 3 fatty acids compared to the same products obtained from broilers fed with conventional mixtures, or with almost the ideal ratio between omega 6 and omega 3 fatty acids.