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Background: For pregnant women who develop complications during the third trimester of pregnancy, or who have not given birth naturally after more than 41 weeks of pregnancy, artificial induction of labor is needed in order to obtain a healthy outcome for both the mother and the child. The 2014 edition of the Guidelines for Promoting Cervical Maturation and Delivery in Late Pregnancy point out that the use of COOK cervical ripening balloons to mechanically dilate the cervix can be used in the third trimester to promote cervical ripening and labor induction [1]. The disadvantage is the risk of infection, premature rupture of membranes, and umbilical cord prolapse [2]. The safety of balloon induction for pregnant women colonized by group B streptococcus (GBS) is currently lacking in multi-center clinical research data. This article will study the safety of COOK double balloon induction in pregnant women colonized by GBS.Methods: A total of 1,681 pregnant women who used COOK double balloons for cervical ripening in Changsha Maternity and Child Health Hospital from September 2018 to September 2020 were selected as the research subjects, from which 125 cases with colonization of group B streptococcus in the reproductive tract were selected as the observation group. Pregnant women without group B streptococcus colonization (N = 1556) served as the control group. This study compares the two groups’ delivery methods, postpartum complications, and neonatal conditions. Results: The rate of transition to cesarean section in the observation group was slightly higher, and the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.049). The rate of postpartum hemorrhage was higher than that of the control group (p < 0.05). Although chorioamnionitis increased compared to the control group, the difference was not significant (p > 0.05). The comparison of newborn birth indicators between the two groups showed no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05). Conclusion: When pregnant women with colonization of group B streptococcus of the genital tract use the COOK double balloon to promote cervical ripening, the success rate of labor induction is high. Use of the balloon does not increase the cesarean section rate and the incidence of chorioamnionitis, nor does it increase the risk of neonatal infection. However, the risk of postpartum hemorrhage increases, and it is necessary to take active measures to reduce this risk.

BackgroundThe potential mechanism of early recurrent pregnancy loss (ERPL) has not been fully elucidated, a multi-omics analysis can help us find key genes.ResultsWe download data from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), 90 hypermethylation-down regulated genes and 49 hypomethylation-up regulated genes were identified by intersection. Compared with the normal early pregnancy group, the expression of ERCC2 and MLH1 was lower in ERPL group, but the expression of PLEK and FOS was higher, and the expression of MLH1 was statistically significant (p<0.05). Compared with the anembryonic (empty sac) miscarriage group, the expression of MLH1, PLEK, FOS decreased, and that of ERCC2 increased in the embryonic miscarriage group. TF-MDEGs networks predicted SP1, POLR2A, YY1, CREM and CREB1 were involved in methylation regulation of DNA promoter with MDEGs. Among them, YY1, FOXP3 and p53 may be related to the mechanism of MLH1 in ERPL.ConclusionsOur study identified possible aberrant MDEGs, and TF- MDEGs regulatory networks may be related to its mechanism. MLH1 may play an important role in early embryonic development.