The laccase–mediator is a promising biocatalyst with many possible applications, including bioremediation, chemical synthesis, biobleaching of paper pulp, biosensing, textile finishing and wine stabilization.

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Biomolecular logic gate systems and parity checker based on stimuli-responsive film electrode were developed. {CS/Con A} n -PDEA-GOD-HRP films were constructed on pyrolytic graphite (PG) electrode surface by specific recognition, layer by layer assembly of CS (Chitosan) and Con A (Concanavalin A) and chemical polymerization of PDEA-GOD-HRP (PDEA = poly (N,N-diethyl acrylamide), GOD = glucose oxidase, HRP = horseradish peroxidase). The electroactive probe, potassium ferricyanide (K 3 Fe(CN) 6 ), exhibited cyclic voltammograms (CV) switching behaviors to pH, temperature and methanol on film electrodes. This switching property of the {CS/Con A} n -PDEA-GOD-HRP films could be further used to realize multiple responsive catalytic oxidation of glucose sequentially by HRP and GOD entrapped in the films with K 3 Fe(CN) 6 as the electron transfer mediator. The addition of glucose could amplify CV peak current through bioelectrocatalysis. Based on experimental results, a 4-input/5-output binary logic gate system with glucose, pH, temperature and methanol as input and peak current (I pc ) as output was constructed, a ternary INHIBIT logic gate, a ternary AND logic gate and a parity checker were established. It opens up the possibility of building other complex molecular logic devices based on bienzyme bioelectrocatalysis.

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There is no study exploring the association between triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and skeletal muscle mass in Chinese adolescents. Therefore, the objective of this study is to explore the association between TyG index and appendicular lean mass (ALM) in Chinese adolescents. In this study, 1336 adolescents (805 boys, 60.25%) aged 12–18 years in China were randomly selected through a stratified cluster sampling. According to the tertiles of TyG index, we separated all participants into three groups, and LM was measured by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis. The TyG index was negatively related to ALM/weight in Chinese adolescents whether stratified by gender (boys: β = − 0.293; girls: β = − 0.195; all P < 0.001). After adjusting for age and BMI, a significant correlation between the TyG index and ALM/weight was observed only in boys (β = − 0.169, P = 0.001). The highest TyG index tertile was significantly associated with low ALM/weight after adjusting for all covariates in the full sample (OR = 3.04, 95% CI 1.12–8.26, P = 0.029) and boys (OR = 4.68, 95% CI 1.22–17.95, P = 0.025) only in overweight/obese group. Our findings suggested elevated levels of TyG index may be a risk factor of low ALM/weight in Chinese adolescents, especially in boys.