Currently it’s estimated that more than 152 million people are child laborers, around 10 percent of children worldwide. Most (71 percent) work in the agricultural sector. As many as 69 percent do unpaid work because they work in their own homes and nearly half (73 million people) work in jobs that endanger their health, safety and moral development. The objective of the paper is exploring the factors why a child of a child must work, policies in control the growth rate of child labor and finally in eliminating child labor in Indonesia. This study found that child Labor and the Worst Forms of Child Labor are complex problems, but if the handling and elimination efforts are carried out through good coordination and cooperation, then the efforts made can provide opportunities for child laborers to become more advanced and developed. Coordination and synchronization between the implementers of the action are the main prerequisites for the implementation of this roadmap. Central government, provincial government, and district/city government, as well as stakeholders
The purpose of the article is to analyze and improve the theoretical and practical aspects and directions of social responsibility of enterprises in terms of European integration. The essence of the concepts «responsibility» and «social responsibility» is investigated in the article. The main components of the structure of social responsibility are identified: political responsibility; civil liability; production responsibility; legal liability; moral responsibility; responsibility in the field of family and domestic relations. It is established that the development of social responsibility is influenced by the following factors, which are due to modern realities: globalization and the associated intensification of competition; growing size and influence of companies; competition of companies for personnel; the growing role of intangible assets. There are four levels of social responsibility: macro level, meso level, macro level, mega level. To study the internal social responsibility of the enterprise, six areas have been identified, each of which is proposed to be evaluated according to the list of indicators: remuneration and motivation of staff; professional training and staff development; Occupational Health; social programs; additional incentives for staff; satisfaction with the moral and psychological climate in the team. Favorable and unfavorable characteristics of the development of social responsibility in domestic industrial enterprises are revealed. The general problems and prospects of development of social responsibility in Ukraine are defined. The main directions of ensuring the system of social responsibility of enterprises in terms of European integration are proposed.
The purpose of this article is to conduct a comparative analysis of customs regulation procedures for the import of vehicles operating in the G20 countries, to determine the possibility of adapting and using their experience in order to improve the customs procedure in force in Ukraine. Since most researches of Ukrainian scientists mainly concern the adaptation of existing customs procedures to the requirements of the Ukraine– EU Association Agreement and the search for ways to solve the problem of shadow schemes of vehicle import, the selected research purpose is relevant. The subject-matter of the study is the procedures for customs regulation of the import of vehicles of the G20 countries. Methodology. To achieve this purpose, a set of general scientific methods was used that ensure the objectivity and validity of the results obtained, namely, methods of abstraction, comparison, analysis and synthesis, generalization. Results. The research results showed that Ukraine is far behind the leading countries in terms of implementing the standards of environmental and technical safety of imported vehicles. If compliance with the requirements of environmental safety, namely compliance with European standards, is still taken into account when importing, then the issues of technical safety are not regulated by the current customs procedure. Secondly, the system of taxes and payments that are paid in Ukraine upon importation, namely duty, excise duty, and VAT, does not provide for compensation for the negative impact of imported vehicles on the environment. Thirdly, comparing the practice of temporary importation of vehicles operating in the G20 countries and Ukraine has allowed highlighting a number of inconsistencies. So, in the G20 countries, only non-residents can use this regime in the vast majority. Citizens of the country are entitled to temporary admission only if strictly defined requirements are met. However, unlike Ukrainian practice, the very procedure for temporary admission implies the absence of requirements for payment of customs duties and other payments, regardless of whether the person who uses it is a resident or non-resident of the country. Practical significance. The conclusions made allow proposing the necessity to amend the current procedure by introducing the practice of confirming the conformity of imported vehicles with the technical requirements for their operation, increasing the tax burden on vehicles with low environmental efficiency, settling the issue of the availability of the regime of temporary admission of vehicles and strengthening control over compliance with this regime. Relevance/originality. Proposals for the adaptation and use of the experience of the leading countries in the field of customs regulation of import of vehicles are a way to prevent the negative phenomena in Ukraine in this area.
The article explores various approaches to understanding the category “digitalization” in domestic and foreign literature, which is interpreted as the process of using, applying, transferring and converting information into a digital format; system of data collection, storage, analysis, application of artificial intelligence; transformation of penetration of digital technologies, regarding the optimization of business processes and business models. It is proposed to consider digitalization as a process of transformation of activity, which involves the use of digital innovative technologies to optimize business models, increase income from conducting business activities and improve the communication system with consumers. The constituent elements of digitization, its advantages and disadvantages are defined and systematized. Four main levers of digitalization, through which the digital transformation of the business model of the enterprise works, and three ways of impact of digitalization on the change of companies and their business models are highlighted. It is indicated that the system of digitalization in the field of logistics can be represented in the form of a community formed on the basis of the use of digital platforms and their applications, by developers, providers and users of logistics services, agents with experience in the field of logistics and possessing competencies acquired through the use of digital information technologies. The list of the most common innovative digital technologies in the management system of logistics business models is presented and the areas of their application are defined. The need to use tools for digital transformation of the business model of supply chains using the identified global trends in the development of logistics and supply chains for the future and adjusting them to solve more pressing global problems is substantiated.
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