Objectives: To examine the effects of early pregnancy loss on emotions such as depression, grief, or a sense of hopelessness, while investigating different types of diagnoses, hospital stays, and treatments. Methods: A prospective cohort epidemiological study was carried out in Bursa Yuksek IhtisasTraining and Research Hospital, Bursa, Turkey, between January and September 2019. The study included women diagnosed with early pregnancy loss classified into 3 groups: missed abortus, anembryonic pregnancy, and spontaneous abortion. The patients were screened via the Spielberger state-anxiety inventory )STAI-1( before initiating treatment. The Edinburgh postpartum depression scale )EPDS( and Perinatal Grief Scale )PGS( were also carried out in the first week of their hospital discharge.

Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) is one of the most common serious diseases in early pregnancy. This study aimed to investigate the clinical significance of hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, and platelet (HALP) score and systemic immune inflammation (SII) index in the presence and severity of HG. Methods: This retrospective case-control study was conducted in a training and educational university hospital between January 2019 and July 2022. A total of 521 pregnant women, of whom 360 were diagnosed with HG at 6-14 weeks of gestation and 161 were low-risk pregnancies, were included in the study. Patients' demographic characteristics and laboratory parameters were recorded. Patients with HG were divided into three categories: mild (n = 160), moderate (n = 116), and severe (n = 84), according to disease severity. The modified PUQE scoring was used to determine the severity of HG. Results: The mean age of the patients was 27.6 (16-40) years. We divided the pregnant women into the control group and HG group. The HALP score was significantly lower in the HG group (average, 2.8 ± 1.3), whereas the SII index was found to be significantly higher (average, 895.8 ± 458.1). A negative correlation was found between the increase in the severity of HG and HALP score. The HALP score was the lower in severe HG (mean, 2.16 ± 0.81) and was significantly different from other HG categories (p < 0.01). Moreover, a positive correlation was noted between increased HG severity and SII index levels. The SII index was higher in the severe HG group and was significantly different from the others (1001.2 ± 437.2) (p < 0.01). Conclusions:The HALP score and SII index can be useful, cost-effective, and easily accessible objective biomarkers to predict the presence and severity of HG.

Objective: To determine the role of complete blood count and coagulation function factors as inflammatory markers in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP).

Objectives: To evaluate of the indications requiring surgical treatment after Levonorgestrel-Releasing Intrauterine System (LNG-IUS) (Mirena®) treatment due to heavy menstrual bleeding. Methods: This retrospectively designed study was created with 72 patients who applied to the university hospital gynecology outpatient clinics between January 2018 and April 2019 and were diagnosed with heavy menstrual bleeding and received LNG IUS (Mirena®) for treatment. Results: Surgery was not performed in 60 (83.33%) patients who had heavy menstrual bleeding and underlying organic pathology (FIGO-PALM group) These patients were treated with LNG-IUS. However, in 12 (16.67%) patients, LNG-IUS was removed and surgery was performed due to resistance to treatment within an average of 10.2 ± 8.0 months. There was no difference between the groups in terms of age, gravida, parity, body mass index and endometrial thickness (p &gt; 0.05 for all parameters), but the mean hemoglobin value in the surgical group was found to be significantly lower than the group without it (8.9 ± 1.2 g/dL vs 11 ± 1.6 g/dL, p = 0.03) In the surgical group, the median diameters of leiomyoma and myoma compressing the endometrium were found to be significantly higher (44 mm vs 34 mm, p = 0.03 and 42 mm vs 33 mm, p = 0.04; respectively). Conclusions: LNG-IUS (Mirena®) is a popular and effective treatment option for heavy menstrual bleeding. The necessity of surgical treatment due to resistance to LNG-IUS revealed that the underlying organic pathologies in these patients should be determined precisely and effective treatment options should be carefully selected before LNG-IUS is inserted.