A compact, efficient projection system using an LCOS display as a programmable diffractive element is presented. The device accepts DVI data representing 1280 × 1024 pixels at 24 bits per pixel. The holograms required for display on the LCOS device are calculated in real time using specially developed algorithms.

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The simple register mark of the last section is ambiguous because of the periodic nature of the screened patterns. We introduce frequency warping with the aim of destroying the periodicity and thus the ambiguity of the resulting mark.Specifically, we want a higher frequency at the center of the mark and a lower frequency at the edges. We obtain the desired result by interposing a hyperbolic tangent. Thus, the bottom pattern is defined by the reflectance function: and the top pattern by