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The next frontier for the Internet leading by innovations in mobile computing, in particular, 5G, together with blockchains' transparency, immutability, provenance, and authenticity, indicates the potentials of running a new generation of applications on the mobile internet. A 5G-enabled blockchain system is structured as a hierarchy and needs to deal with different challenges such as maintaining blockchain ledger at different spatial domains and various levels of the networks, efficient processing of cross-domain transactions, establishing consensus among heterogeneous nodes, and supporting delay-tolerant mobile transactions. In this paper, we present Saguaro, a hierarchical permissioned blockchain designed specifically for Internet-scale mobile networks. Saguaro benefits from the hierarchical structure of mobile network infrastructure to address the aforementioned challenges. Our extensive experimental results demonstrate the high potential of Saguaro being the first 5G-enabled permissioned blockchain system in the community.

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