In order to improve the automatic evaluation ability of fine arts education effect in colleges and universities, this paper proposes the evaluation research of fine arts education effect based on big data technology. We build university fine arts education effect data analysis model, considering the characteristics of the college art education effect; can reflect the effect of art education in colleges and universities’ selected index system, with the effect of art education in colleges and universities of the decision about the elements of the decomposed into goals, standards, and plan level, such as university fine arts education effect evaluation of qualitative and quantitative analysis; find out the hidden representative university fine arts education effect evaluation factors; build fine arts education in colleges and universities’ effect-associated distribution rules of the data, through unsupervised learning method, the effect of art education in colleges and universities’ data feature extraction in the process of adaptive learning, by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of big data; and realize the effect of art education in colleges and universities. The test results show that the fitness level of using this method to evaluate the effect of art education in colleges and universities is high, the score of the evaluation effect of art education in colleges and universities is significant, and it is in a good state in the evaluation index score table, indicating that the evaluation effect is accurate and reliable.