No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

Rationale: The extrauterine adenomyoma is rare and it is extremely rare outside the pelvic cavity. Herein, we reported the first case of a single extrauterine adenomyoma occurring in the lesser omentum.Patients concerns: This case involved a 55-year-old woman who had undergone subtotal gastrectomy and omentectomy for gastric carcinoma. During postoperational pathological examination, 1 lymph node-like mass was coincidentally found in the lesser omentum. The patient had a history of hysterectomy for uterine leiomyoma 8 years ago.Diagnoses: The resected 17 "lymph nodes" from the lesser omentum were routinely checked for possible metastasis of gastric carcinoma. One of lymph node-like mass was microscopically showed that it was composed of benign smooth muscle components, endometrial glands and stroma by HE staining. Therefore, adenomyoma was initially considered.Interventions: The lymph node-like mass was removed together with the lesser omentum during the subtotal gastrectomy and omentectomy for gastric carcinoma. No special intervention was performed for the adenomyoma.Outcomes: Immunohistochemical staining confirmed that smooth muscle tissue was diffusely and strongly positive for Desmin, smooth muscle actin, estrogen receptor, and progesterone receptor, and negative for CD117, Dog-1, S100, and CD34. Endometrial glands and stroma were positive for estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor, and the endometrium interstitium was also positive for CD10. The final diagnosis of extrauterine adenomyoma occurring in the lesser omentum was established.Lessons: So far, to the best of our knowledge, total 53 cases of extrauterine adenomyoma have been reported in 45 English reports. The most common location for a single mass was pelvic cavity (37 cases), but rarely outside the pelvic cavity. This is the first case of a single extrauterine adenomyoma occurring in the lesser omentum.Abbreviations: CD10 = common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen, CD117 = stem cell growth factor receptor, CD34 = hematopoietic progenitor cell antigen, ER = estrogen receptor, PR = progesterone receptor, SMA = smooth muscle actin.

This paper proposes a hierarchical radial tree distribution network based on constructal theory for optimal direct current performance in printed circuit board power plane. The optimal radial tree dimensions of each order are obtained for optimal voltage drop and resistance. The constraints are the total areas of the plane and the high conductivity paths. The degrees of freedom are the width/length ratio H i /L i of the constructal block, high conductivity paths ratio D i+1 /D i (i=1, 2, etc). According to constructal theory, the optimal performance consists of constructing the giving area in a sequence of building blocks from the smallest size toward larger sizes hierarchically. High assembly level is not necessary. The optimal order is 12 for the designed tree. Then a radial PCB power plane is developed based on the radial tree which illustrates that the designed plane has multifunctions of low voltage drop, current robustness, equidistribution, compactness and effective noise isolation while maintaining a relatively simple design of geometry. Index Terms -Radial tree, PCB power plane, constructal theory, power integrity.