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Sago is a hardwood that can be used as source of fiber hemicellulose mannan. The abundance of mannanase waste is potential for the production of functional foods such as Manno oligosaccharides. Sago hump which is sago processing waste is very potential for growth of microorganisms because it contains lignin, cellulose, starch, minerals and vitamins that can be used as sources of carbon and energy for the growth. In this study, BLS.11-01 and BLS.11-02 isolates have been isolated and characterized from waste of sago hump. Locust bean gum was used as substrate for measuring the activity of mannanase. Both isolates had optimum temperatures at 70°C and 60°C while they remain stable at temperature range of 30°C-90°C. Mannanase from BLS.11-01 and BLS.11-02 had optimum pH at 6 and 7, respectively, and were also stable in wide pH range of 2-8. Co 2+ was a mannanase activator for both isolates. Cu 2+ , Zn 2+ , Ni 2+ , Ca 2+ and Fe 2+ were mannanase inhibitors for two isolates. Tween 20 (0.5% and 1.0%) and NaCl (0.5% and 1.0%) were chemical reagents that could enhance the activity of BLS.11-01 and BLS.11-02 mannanase isolates. While tween 80 (0.5% and 1.0%), urea (0.5% and 1.0%) and SDS (0.5% and 1.0%) were chemical reagents that were not effective for both isolates mannanase activity.

This essay aims to present a concise literature review for spirituality at workplace or what is also commonly called workplace spirituality. This theme is very interesting these days but it is still rare to find a literature review. To assist researchers and academics in their research, this concise literature review can be a reference. In this short article, researchers obtain a study of the grand theory, definition, dimensions, and significance of workplace spirituality.

The purpose of this essay is to explore and apply the wealth of the Balanced Scorecard framework in the management of credit unions. The effectiveness of this framework has contributed greatly to the business world. The cross functional paradigm in the Balanced Scorecard concept enables stakeholders to review various business activities in a holistic manner. A qualitative approach is used to explore concepts and their applications in business. This study offers a roadmap for credit unions to implement the Balanced Scorecard framework in the context of performance management.

Penguatan kelembagaan merupakan salah satu pilar keberlanjutan program PNPM Mandiri Perdesaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji penguatan aspek hukum, penguatan kelembagaan, dan kemandirian lembaga pengelola dana bergulir PNPM Mandiri Perdesaan Kecamatan Balongpanggang. Teknik penentuan informan dalam penelitian kualitatif deskriptif ini adalah purposive sampling yaitu informan yang dianggap memahami kegiatan dana bergulir UPK Kecamatan Balongpanggang. Penguatan aspek hukum dilakukan dengan melengkapi legalitas pendirian BKAD sebagai payung hukum kegiatan dana bergulir. Penguatan kelembagaan dilakukan dengan penyusunan mekanisme pengelolaan dana bergulir, peningkatan kapasitas pengelola kegiatan dan kelompok masyarakat dalam pengelolaan keuangan dan kelembagaan, serta kerjasama dengan pihak ketiga untuk pengembangan usaha kelompok masyarakat. UPK Kecamatan Balongpanggang merupakan lembaga masyarakat yang mandiri, yaitu tidak tergantung dengan dana BLM dari pemerintah, hal ini dilihat dari hasil analisa eksistensi lembaga pengelola dana bergulir dengan Teori AGIL dan analisa kinerja lembaga yang masuk dalam kategori UPK sehat. Kata kunci: penguatan kelembagaan, dana bergulir, kemandirian, kemiskinan.