In this paper, a new wavelength assignment scheme called CSSIR (collision-safe source-initiated reservation) has been proposed for distributed lightpath establishment in GMPLS/PCE based Wavelength-switched Optical Networks (WSONs), which has DIR-like forward blocking probability with SIR-like backward blocking probability. In CSSIR, the PCE selects one wavelength reserved with multi-backup to protect the collision. Simulations are conducted to compare it with SIR&DIR. The results show that CSSIR performs better in total blocking than the others under various traffic loads.

A quality-of-service (QoS) aware scheme, called precautionary performance monitoring, is proposed to solve the optical impairments and congestion control in coherent optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (CO-OFDM) networks. The centralized path computation element (PCE) extensions based on the QoS level are applied to optical performance monitoring in this letter.

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