The effective of forest reclamation in oligotrophic and eutrophic swamps in the southern taiga and forest-steppe zones of Western Siberia are described. The state of the hydrological and gas regime of peat deposits is analyzed. It is concluded that forest reclamation 60 years ago on oligotrophic and eutrophic swamps has little effect on the hydrological and gas regime of the reclaimed territory at this moment. These regimes are approaching to their natural state, which indicates that the area is re-waterlogged in the absence of operation of the drainage system.

The search for new raw materials of biologically active substances of natural origin is an urgent task for the modern period. Peat in this respect is a relatively cheap and almost unlimited raw material base. Peat of swamps can be used widely in agriculture for receipt of biologically active substances are of great interest in the territory of the Gorny Altai. The purpose of this work is to study the composition of organic matter of peats of the Gorny Altai, to choose peat raw materials for biologically active production and to study their biological activity. The object of the study was 46 swamps of the Gorny Altai. The following analyses were carried out in peats: botanical composition, degree of decomposition, ash content, group composition of peat organic matter. The composition of humic acids (ha) was analyzed by IR spectroscopy. For determine of the biological activity of humic acids was used plant tissue cultured . The results of the research allowed to distinguish peats by the content of HA: buckbean peat (47.0% of HA), wood peat (50.0% of HA), fern peat (55.0% of HA), grass peat (30.0–45.0% of HA), sedge peat (5.6–58.0% of HA), grass-buckbean peat (43.0–56.5% of HA) and to outline the raw material base for the production of BAS – peatland Turochak. According to the optimal characteristics of HAs, a sample was taken from a depth of 325-375 cm, HA was isolated. The biological activity In humic acid was determined with the use of plant tissue culture. High biological activity are proven of the preparations of HA from the peatland Turochak, which resulted in the acceleration of microclonal propagation of plants in vitro.