and centroids are calculated. The lower bound is used to filter non-nearest centroids for the purpose of reducing computational costs. ERVQ is noticeably optimized in terms of time efficiency on quantizing vectors when combining with this method. To evaluate the accuracy that vectors are approximated by their quantization outputs, an ERVQbased exhaustive method for approximate nearest neighbor search is implemented. Experimental results on three datasets demonstrate that our approaches outperform the stateof-the-art methods over vector quantization and approximate nearest neighbor search.

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