Recurrent aphthous ulcers are the most common recurrent oral mucosal lesions characterized by recurrence and pain. The aim of this research is to evaluate the short-term curative effect of the traditional Chinese medicine “Pudilan anti-inflammatory oral liquid” on mild recurrent aphthous ulcers. A total of 234 patients were divided into a treatment group and a control group. Both groups used vitamin B2 as the basis of treatment. The treatment group took a Pudilan anti-inflammatory oral solution for 8 days while the control group was given a liquid placebo. The ulcer size, pseudomembrane, peripheral congestion, and pain scores of the treatment group were lower than before treatment. The curative effect on the Pudilan group was statistically significant compared with the control group. The final therapeutic effect on the treatment group was better than that on the control group. The healing time of mild recurrent aphthous ulcers can be shortened by Pudilan anti-inflammatory oral liquid, and pain is relieved without adverse reactions. Pudilan provides a new reference drug for the treatment of mild recurrent oral ulcers.

Background It can be difficult to distinguish between bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) clinically, although these conditions are associated with different profiles of inflammatory cytokines and immune cells. This study aimed to compare T-lymphocyte subsets and inflammatory cytokines in the serum and sputum of patients with bronchial asthma and COPD who had respiratory function testing. Material/Methods The study included 42 patients with bronchial asthma, 48 patients with COPD, and 45 patients with bronchial asthma complicated with COPD. The percentage predicted values of the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), the forced vital capacity (FVC), and the peak expiratory flow (PEF) rate were measured. Serum and sputum levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-9, IL-13, IL-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Flow cytometry measured the CD4 and CD8 T-lymphocyte subsets, and the CD4: CD8 ratio was calculated. Results The FEV1, FVC, and PEF were significantly lower in patients with COPD compared with the other two patient groups. Serum and sputum levels of IL-4, IL-5, IL-9 and IL-13 were significantly increased in the COPD patient group, and levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 were significantly increased in the bronchial asthma patient group. The CD4: CD8 ratio in sputum was lowest in bronchial asthma patient group and highest in COPD patient group. Conclusions The detection of serum and sputum inflammatory cytokines and T-lymphocyte subsets may distinguish between bronchial asthma and COPD.

FISH is a non-invasive technique with higher sensitivity and similar specificity compared with urine exfoliated cell cytology in diagnosing urothelial carcinoma by detecting the aberrations of chromosome 3, 7, 17, and 9p21. FISH is significantly superior to cytology in diagnosing low stage and low grade urothelial carcinomas. FISH is a very valuable and promising technique in diagnosing urothelial carcinomas.